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An elementary proposition in language is true if the state of affairs in the world it pictures obtains. Elementary propositions By elementary proposit...

There are many philosophical questions: How does language and thought relate to the world? How does language relate to thought? Does the world we expe...

Just because a picture can show a relation doesn't mean that the relation ontologically exists. A picture can show that the Empire States Building is ...

In the Tractatus, Wittgenstein was trying to avoid a pure Coherentism, where one proposition gets its meaning from another proposition etc, by ultimat...

4.122 is saying that propositions cannot describe properties and relations, but can only show them. This is the difference between what is said and wh...

Yes, that's the nature of language, where the meaning of a word often depends on context. Where Wittgenstein writes in 4.002 "Language disguises thoug...

It is clearly the case that from the outward form of clothing we can infer the form of the body beneath it. It is also clearly the case that from the ...

4.002 may be correct that language disguises thought, but is not inconsistent with the idea that language is thought. I see a one-storey brick buildin...

Wittgenstein's objects are "simples" Tractatus 2.02 Objects are simple. From Wikipedia - Simple (Philosophy) From Jeff Speaks Wittgenstein on facts an...

It all depends on whether, in the Tractatus, for Wittgenstein, language and thought are the same thing. If not, then isomorphism may be the suitable w...

Wittgenstein wrote before the Tractatus that he thought that thinking and language were the same. Notebooks 1914-16 – 12/6/2016 – page 82. 1.1 – The W...

I'm not sure that isomorphism is the right word, as it suggests that they are independent of each other. Thought and language are two aspects of the s...

Seeing a beautiful sunset affects an observer differently to seeing a sunset. Does this mean that abstract concepts such as beauty are real?

@"Michael" NOTES ON INDIRECT REALISM Chain of events Everyone seems to agree that there is a chain of events prior to perception. For example, light f...

Suppose we are both in Mississippi. I agree that in a mind-independent world are real things, in that they can physically affect me. They can cause in...

I generally agree with what you say, so I apologise if I'm missing something. Perhaps I'm thinking of my glass of red wine over dinner.

True, but then again it's literally impossible to describe one's subjective experiences to another person coherently using any language, in that how w...

Not really, as that statement is factually untrue. Both bachelors and unmarried men exist. Why do you think that sense data exist?

One difference could be that qualia exist and sense data don't. I directly know the "qualia" of the colour red, a sharp pain, an acrid smell, etc. But...

Only if sense data exist. The Adverbialist doesn't need them. Why do you think sense data exist if they are not needed?

The Adverbialist may accept qualia but don't need sense data. For the Adverbialist, qualia exist but sense data don't, so they cannot be the same thin...

Adverbialist Indirect Realism seems the way to go. The Adverbialist rejects sense data. Sense data should go the way of the aether, of historic intere...

The Adverbialist Indirect Realist might say in general conversation "we experience pain directly", but only as a figure of speech, not in a literal se...

The term "Direct Realism" is misleading. Direct Realism can refer to either a causal directness, aka Phenomenological Direct Realism or a cognitive di...

Adverbialism replaces the Sense-Datum Theory Within Indirect Realism is the Sense-Datum Theory and Adverbialism. Today, the Sense-Datum theory has gen...

Both the Indirect and Direct Realist believe that we directly perceive a hand, and both are Adverbialists in the sense that what is being perceived ca...

Trying to understand adverbialism I agree that saying "we perceive a tree" is problematic for the Indirect Realist as it leads into the infinite regre...

I agree that the proposition in language "There are Cypress trees lining the bank" states the way things are if and when there are in the world Cypres...

There can be different types of phenomenal knowledge. For example, "what" it is like to experience pain, "that" Mars is 225 million km from Earth, "ho...

For the Indirect Realist, inferences about the world are made based on phenomenal experiences, in that I see a red dot and infer that it was caused by...

Yes, on the one hand, the thing-in-itself can be quite unknowable, even though what it does can be quite knowable. I look at an object and perceive th...

I don't see your two problems as problems, more part of the road to a solution. ======================================================================...

Exactly, it is a question of linguistics. As an Indirect Realist, I can say "I can see a green object", and everyone knows exactly what I mean. Even t...

Yes, there is something distinctive about the object that means it absorbs some wavelengths of light and reflects the rest, making the object appear g...

I would say that I perceive an object as being green. If I perceive an object as being green, then only as a figure of speech I would say that the obj...

Sunlight hits an object in the world, some light is absorbed by the object and what light isn't absorbed is reflected off the object, this light trave...

Agree. There is also the problem of relations. If a set of parts makes a whole, and a collection of atoms makes a car, then there must be some kind of...

In a world independent of humans are elementary particles, elementary forces in space-time. When we look at such a world, we directly see the world as...

You can only know that you are looking a a mkondo in the world if you already know the meaning of "mkondo". It is true that humans may impose their co...

I think it is right as you have done to distinguish words within exclamation marks to refer to thoughts and language and words not in exclamation mark...

I agree that humans have evolved in synergy with the world over millions of years, and have evolved to survive within this world. Successful evolution...

I go into the garden and am stung. I have no idea what the cause was. It could have been a bee, wasp, hornet, mosquito, flea, spider, cactus, algarve,...

Because you have the concept of a bald cypress before looking at the river bank, you perceive a bald cypress. As I don't have the concept of a bald cy...

Both the Indirect and Direct Realist must agree that the thought of "trees lining the banks" must be in the mind, otherwise how would the mind know ab...

I didn't say this is telepathy, only that it "could be described as a form of telepathy". The Merriam Webster Dictionary defines telepathy as " commun...

One possibility would be colour blindness. I'm sure you can think of others.

Obviously you cannot. That's why I wrote: "suppose the thing in the world is in fact orange, yet I always perceive it to be blue."

On the one hand, the Indirect Realist proposes that we can never experience a thing in the world as it is, meaning that the relationship between perce...

The quote above from the SEP article The Problem of Perception refers to the debate within Direct Realism, not to the debate between Direct and Indire...

According to the SEP article The Problem of Perception If person A directly saw an object as it really is, and person B looking at the same object als...