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Harold Joachim & the Jigsaw of Lies

TheMadFool February 14, 2020 at 14:47 12625 views 49 comments
The first credited with the definitive formulation of The Coherence Theory of Truth was Harold Joachim

Now, my view on the coherence theory itself is, let's say, crude for I confess to be ignorant of better versions of it. The basic assertion seems to be that the truth of propositions depends completely on how well it fits with other propositions. For instance, in favor of the theory, the truth of the claim, "god doesn't exist" fits quite well with the proposition, "there's too much evil in the world".

However, in my humble opinion, a web of lies can also be made to cohere. A person can make a false claim and his accomplices can make other claims that altogether form a coherent but false set of claims. I believe many criminal activities, all of which involve creating, sustaining and perpetuating deception, actually employ coherence as a weapon to fool the gullible.

This problem, if it is one, may actually penetrate into the most cherished and apparently satisfactorily proven belief systems; even science may not be immune to this malady. I can't come up with an example off the top of my head but what about the luminiferous ether theory? It coheres quite well with light being a wave and thus requiring some kind of medium. I know present scientific consensus is that the ether doesn't exist but all I want to convey is that had we relied on coherence alone, it would be quite difficult to make sense of wave without a medium.

Relying on only the coherence theory of truth is like believing that just because the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle fits together we have solved the puzzle, arrived at a true picture of reality. This is an error because what we've assembled on just the basis of a fit between the pieces could be perfectly coherent and still completely false.

Comments...

Comments (49)

noAxioms February 14, 2020 at 18:25 #382680
Sounds like the truth of any set of propositions being equated to the mutual validity of the propositions. I'm pretty open to that, although it seems to reduce the meaning of 'truth' to the meaning of other words like 'validity'.
A Seagull February 14, 2020 at 19:16 #382703
Reply to TheMadFool
But the beauty of it is that you could never tell that it was 'false'.

Instead one has to rely on a more pragmatic test.. ie does it work? or at least does it work for you?
unenlightened February 14, 2020 at 19:19 #382704
So to flesh it out just a little, the idea is that one has a world view, that is fairly stable - fire burns, shit smells, Trump is an idiot. I am a philosopher, this is the inter web. And these things have to be compatible with each other, and to the extent that they are they 'cohere'. So if you tell me that Trump can tie his own shoe laces, I will say 'that cannot be true, the man is an idiot.' Tying one's own shoelaces does not cohere with being an idiot.

And the theory allows that given further evidence, I might have to concede that after all, Trump can tie his shoelaces and therefore I must stop thinking he is an idiot and upgrade him too imbecile.

And as a general rule, it seems fairly reasonable as far as it goes. Miracles are incoherent; don't believe in them.

Shawn February 14, 2020 at 19:31 #382706
Quoting TheMadFool
For instance, in favor of the theory, the truth of the claim, "god doesn't exist" fits quite well with the proposition, "there's too much evil in the world".


I don't exactly know the why of bringing up Godel; but, suppose we have a theory that is such and such, it seems to me that as long as the theory is incomplete; whilst remaining coherent, then there's pragmatically no problem, is there?
Deleted User February 14, 2020 at 20:39 #382753
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creativesoul February 14, 2020 at 20:47 #382757
Quoting TheMadFool
However, in my humble opinion, a web of lies can also be made to cohere.


Or... setting deliberately misrepresenting one's own thought and belief(lies) aside... A web of falsehoods can be quite coherent.
creativesoul February 14, 2020 at 20:49 #382759
Quoting tim wood
1) True and truth are so always with respect to, and within, some standard, and not otherwise. No standard, no truth.


Standards are linguistic devices... I think?

If so, then true belief would require language. Clearly, that's not the case. There are non linguistic creatures who have true belief.
Deleted User February 15, 2020 at 02:13 #382881
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TheMadFool February 15, 2020 at 03:39 #382904
Quoting noAxioms
Sounds like the truth of any set of propositions being equated to the mutual validity of the propositions. I'm pretty open to that, although it seems to reduce the meaning of 'truth' to the meaning of other words like 'validity'.


How much of a problem is this, if I understood correctly, regression of definitions? It doesn't seem to be an issue in ordinary discourse. Perhaps language, as we know it, fails to meet the standards of more formal discourse, like in philosophy?

Quoting A Seagull
But the beauty of it is that you could never tell that it was 'false'.

Instead one has to rely on a more pragmatic test.. ie does it work? or at least does it work for you?


I don't think being unable to discover falsehood is in any way a "beauty" but that's just me. Other theories on truth like the pragmatic theory are not being discussed here; then again, according to coherence theory, other theories of truth must cohere with it. Can you give me the lowdown on the pragmatic theory of truth if that's what you're alluding to?

Quoting unenlightened
So to flesh it out just a little, the idea is that one has a world view, that is fairly stable - fire burns, shit smells, Trump is an idiot. I am a philosopher, this is the inter web. And these things have to be compatible with each other, and to the extent that they are they 'cohere'. So if you tell me that Trump can tie his own shoe laces, I will say 'that cannot be true, the man is an idiot.' Tying one's own shoelaces does not cohere with being an idiot.

And the theory allows that given further evidence, I might have to concede that after all, Trump can tie his shoelaces and therefore I must stop thinking he is an idiot and upgrade him too imbecile.

And as a general rule, it seems fairly reasonable as far as it goes. Miracles are incoherent; don't believe in them.


Firstly, sorry to know Trump isn't in your good books. Secondly, what is the difference, if any, between logical consistency and coherence?

Quoting Wallows
I don't exactly know the why of bringing up Godel; but, suppose we have a theory that is such and such, it seems to me that as long as the theory is incomplete; whilst remaining coherent, then there's pragmatically no problem, is there?


I'm unsure of how Godel's work impacts this discussion but isn't his incompleteness theorems restricted to mathematics? Although I remember him being labeled foremost as a logician. Also, I don't wish to discuss other theories of truth like pragmatism unless you can show me that some proposition concerning them is logically implied by any claims I've made. Thank you.


Quoting tim wood
Many, many posts and threads on "true" and "truth." I offer this as brief summation for consideration.
1) True and truth are so always with respect to, and within, some standard, and not otherwise. No standard, no truth.

2) Always there is confusion between a truth, something being true, and the truth, the latter being a chimera.

3) As general terms, both true and truth are generic abstract references to whatever, by whatever standard, just is true. And nothing whatsoever more than that. That is, in themelves and absent context, true and truth are either meaningless or at best expressions of wishful thinking.


Does any of what you said have a truth value or are you using some criterion of truth in your claims? If no then what you said is not true but if yes then what criterion of truth did you use?

Quoting creativesoul
Or... setting deliberately misrepresenting one's own thought and belief(lies) aside... A web of falsehoods can be quite coherent.


Ok.



A Seagull February 15, 2020 at 04:26 #382914
Reply to TheMadFool
The 'lowdown' on the beautiful theory can be found in my book 'The pattern paradigm', but you won't like it. lol.
Deleted User February 15, 2020 at 15:12 #383044
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A Seagull February 15, 2020 at 18:50 #383107
Reply to tim wood
IMO truth is best viewed as a label for an idea, perhaps expressed as a statement or proposition, that one believes to be an accurate representation of the world.
PS I label the above as 'true'.
Deleted User February 15, 2020 at 19:00 #383113
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A Seagull February 15, 2020 at 20:14 #383144
Reply to tim wood
Yes people have believed and indeed still do believe things that other people think are not true. And even people have believed things to be true and later decided that they are not true.

There is no logical inconsistency in this.

I am not sure what you mean by 'psychological state' or are you just trying to distance the concept of 'truth' about the world from human judgement? An impossible and futile task in my opinion.
Deleted User February 15, 2020 at 23:58 #383210
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A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 00:54 #383218
Reply to tim wood
Well , the word 'truth' would seem to have 2 uses:

1. If a person considers something to be 'true', then they would have no need to investigate the data relating to it any more and can simply use that 'truth' if and when circumstances merit it.

2. If a person communicates that they consider something to be 'true', there is an implied invitation or encouragement for the receiver of the communication to believe it too.
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 02:45 #383239
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A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 03:40 #383246
Reply to tim wood

I am not sure what you mean by 'verifiable performative function'.

Of course 'similarly situated observers' cannot be compelled to 'assent'.

You seem to be assuming that all people must see the world in the same way that you do. This is unjustifiable. While there may be considerable consensus about the way the world appears to be, this cannot be justifiably extrapolated to the claim that everyone always sees the world the same way. All you know is the way you see the world.

As for your example, this might well fall into the consensus category; but your conclusion cannot be logically proven, at least not without the inclusion somewhere of a human judgement, which necessarily makes the conclusion subjective and not proven.
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 04:41 #383259
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TheMadFool February 16, 2020 at 06:00 #383286
Reply to tim wood My question is what standard/criterion of truth are you using when you speak/write?
A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 07:43 #383334
Reply to tim wood
I have no idea, I don't follow baseball.
What is your point?
Are you trying to claim that consensus equals undeniable certainty?

TheMadFool February 16, 2020 at 07:50 #383337
Quoting A Seagull
The 'lowdown' on the beautiful theory can be found in my book 'The pattern paradigm', but you won't like it. lol.


:rofl: I'm all over the place.
A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 08:05 #383340
Reply to TheMadFool
Well enjoy! :)
TheMadFool February 16, 2020 at 08:59 #383343
Quoting A Seagull
Well enjoy! :)


Thank you.
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 13:20 #383362
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Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 13:24 #383364
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Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 13:28 #383366
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TheMadFool February 16, 2020 at 13:45 #383369
Quoting tim wood
Depends. Whatever works in context


What works for you? I'm curious, that's all. You claimed that the notions, if they are different, of true and truth are meaningless. Is this claim true/false and by what criterion/standard?
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 17:10 #383440
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christian2017 February 16, 2020 at 18:42 #383506
Reply to TheMadFool

I guess you are saying some religions might be a well devised set of fallacies phrased in such a way to be coherent? Due to site guide lines I can't name the Holy book but there are atleast one very long book in a particular Holy book that is written in such a way that would make me think this is not written by a crazy man just venting his anger.

No wrong answer, if you feel inclined i can privately send you the name of that book in that Holy book. I'm sure you have better things to do though.

But yes Lawyers do this all the time. You can take 10 coherently written fallacies and present a pretty good argument that can manipulate others to benefit you or I or that guy over there.

A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 19:10 #383519
Reply to tim wood 'If truth is a matter of belief/consideration, how do you distinguish it from opinion or a lie?'

Well that is a moot question. First, all communications can be considered to be 'opinions. albeit some are more justified than others. The only way to evaluate communications as to their veracity is to determine whether they are a smooth addition to one's model of the world and the degree to which one trusts the originator of the communication.

There is no simple and foolproof method.

If truth is not a matter of belief/consideration how do you distinguish it from opinion or a lie?
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 19:59 #383526
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A Seagull February 16, 2020 at 20:13 #383534
Reply to tim wood "by applying appropriate tests under appropriate criteria' seem pretty wishy-washy to me. It is just a sort of meaningless hand waving argument that is entirely non-rigorous and ultimately means nothing.
Deleted User February 16, 2020 at 20:21 #383538
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Sir2u February 16, 2020 at 21:42 #383550
Quoting tim wood
Sure. Ants. Bumblebees. Are you sure their beliefs are criteria free?


Are any beliefs free of criteria?
TheMadFool February 17, 2020 at 03:01 #383632
Quoting christian2017
I guess you are saying some religions might be a well devised set of fallacies phrased in such a way to be coherent? Due to site guide lines I can't name the Holy book but there are atleast one very long book in a particular Holy book that is written in such a way that would make me think this is not written by a crazy man just venting his anger.

No wrong answer, if you feel inclined i can privately send you the name of that book in that Holy book. I'm sure you have better things to do though.

But yes Lawyers do this all the time. You can take 10 coherently written fallacies and present a pretty good argument that can manipulate others to benefit you or I or that guy over there.


:ok:
TheMadFool February 17, 2020 at 03:05 #383633
Quoting tim wood
The way you've written your question I do not understand it. If a proposition is true, [u[it is true by reference to something[/u], somehow. And there are enough different kinds of somethings and somehows such that the general question of truth becomes unanswerable, in the sense that one and only one reference, or test, or standard will answer for all propositions. Once a proposition is determined to be true, then it can be called true. But the label "true" or "truth" is altogether agnostic as to the standard by which the proposition is tested to be true.


Are you in any way claiming the truth of what you say? If you are then, following your guidelines, I'd like you to tell me with reference to what are they true?
Deleted User February 17, 2020 at 04:05 #383645
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TheMadFool February 17, 2020 at 05:24 #383658
Quoting tim wood
With reference to the common sense of the matter. There exist true :smile: propositions. Taken one-by-one and demonstrated, it becomes apparent that the manner of demonstration is not the same in every case, but rather differs depending on the case. Each manner, then, constitutes a species - a kind - of proof. All the propositions thus proved, or demonstrated, can reasonably be said to be true; i.e., to share in a quality called true, or truth. But that usage is the name not of of a species of truth, but of the genus that gathers them all as true, or truths. As such, the genus tells us nothing at all about any proposition other than it is true. Nothing at all about the manner or the method of the demonstration.

The truth of this is self-evident, self-proving. If it be false, then its contradiction must be true. I.e., that there must be one test for truth, applicable for all propositions. That this cannot be is left as an exercise for the reader.


So now there's a quality called true and truth. I thought you said they were meaningless?
Deleted User February 17, 2020 at 14:47 #383731
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TheMadFool February 17, 2020 at 15:53 #383736
Quoting tim wood
Sorry, I'm not interested in pulling all the oars. Go back and read.


But you haven't pulled even one oar :smile: and that's on your boat, not mine.
Deleted User February 17, 2020 at 16:19 #383744
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TheMadFool February 18, 2020 at 03:08 #383837
Quoting tim wood
True and truth are not univocal terms. A proposition can be true and it can be said of that proposition 1) that it's true, and that it has a quality called truth, namely that it's true.

There is also the abstract term truth. We might, for example, say that this set of propositions all share - have in common - the quality of truth. Well, just what is that quality?

Let's try answering this last question from a different angle. You have, let's imagine, a number of sets of integers. Each set of integers can be summed. That is, to each set is assignable another integer which just is the sum of the integers in the set. Let us now say that the sets share the quality of being summable. Now we look at summable and ask what, exactly, this quality tells us about the sum in any of the sets? Answer: absolutely nothing.

In the same way, truth-as-quality, the quality of being true, says nothing about the particular true in question, or the how or why of it.

That is, the general term says nothing about the particular characteristics of the particular term. It does stand as naming something - an abstract(ed) quality - that they share.

Your turn to pull: can you improve on or add in any substantive way to the meaning of the general term truth beyond what has been already said? Can you even say what it means, beyond being a label for a quality? Or, can you even give any substantial/substantive meaning of its own, at all? Failing this, I call it a term meaningless in itself. Perhaps like a road sign. It points or labels, but itself means nothing.


I don't get your analogy of sums of integers.

Anyway, it seems that your claims are utilizing a theory of truth. The only theories of truth that I'm familiar with are:

1. The correspondence theory of truth
2. The pragmatic theory of truth
3. The coherence theory of truth

Are you saying all of the above are flawed and if so by which theory of truth did you come to that conclusion?
Deleted User February 18, 2020 at 03:22 #383840
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TheMadFool February 18, 2020 at 03:25 #383841
Quoting tim wood
Sure, the appropriate test theory. And that's this or that or whatever it happens to be. Can you do better?


I have a preference for the correpondence theory of truth which to my understanding asserts truth to be a relationship between propositions and reality - what is spoken/written must, to the best of our ability, reflect what is actually going on in reality.
Deleted User February 18, 2020 at 05:13 #383859
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TheMadFool February 18, 2020 at 05:29 #383862
Reply to tim woodYou've given me good advice. Thanks. Anyway, which of the three choices I gave you in my last post is the correct fit for all what you're saying?

Are your comments meant to be a reflection of my reality? Does what you say cohere with some other truth that has become apparent to you? Are you being pragmatic whatever that means? Perhaps you're being all of them at the same time? Whatever the case, you've not been upfront about it. Could it be that I'm asking the wrong questions or perhaps you're unable to answer the question not necessarily because you're ignorant but because the matter is too complex for even the best among us.

Deleted User February 18, 2020 at 05:49 #383865
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TheMadFool February 18, 2020 at 05:55 #383868
Quoting tim wood
The apodeictic seems right.


Thanks. I think I'll follow your advice and read a bit more.