You are viewing the historical archive of The Philosophy Forum.
For current discussions, visit the live forum.
Go to live forum

Rhetoric and Propaganda

rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 10:36 8950 views 18 comments
Can a disrinction be made between rhetoric and propaganda ?

Comments (18)

unenlightened January 19, 2020 at 13:33 #373151
Rhetoric is used by, for example, legal representatives in court to make the best possible case for their side of a dispute. They do not resort to falsehood or meaningless but emotive slogans, that would be propaganda. There are quite strict rules to allow the one and prevent the other in court though their interpretation is open to dispute as always.

So, yes there is a big and important distinction based on the notion of truth, with blurred edges.

Baden January 19, 2020 at 13:52 #373158
Propaganda is a type of information. Rhetoric is a style of speech or writing. They overlap where the mode is speech or writing, the style is persuasive, the intent is to foster bias for a political group/ideology or power structure, and the content is misleading/contains falsehoods.

So, the first distinction is of category (type of information vs mode of presentation of information). The second distinction is of content. While both seek to persuade, only propaganda is necessarily misleading and necessarily seeks to foster bias for a political grouping/ideology as opposed to simply a point of view. There's also a distinction of mode, rhetoric presumes speech or writing, propaganda can occur in other semiotic modes, pictures, signs etc.

(Some caveats to the above if anyone wants to jump in and debate my take.)
Virgo Avalytikh January 19, 2020 at 14:54 #373166
Quoting rhudehssolf
Can a disrinction be made between rhetoric and propaganda ?


Yes.

rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 14:55 #373167
Reply to unenlightened So i suppose you think of Rhetoric as an art something as a "noble" persuasion while propagnada "dishonorable" pesuasion based on indecent means of achieving the end goal.In that case every persuasion based on fallacies and other similar means can be called propaganda?If we agree on such a term for propaganda i think that we are at the risk of downgrading its severity.lets say if you were trying to shoot at me and i swayed you with my words and many rhetorical devices including any lies and fallacies would you call that propaganda?.In the same way even our society is based on persusaison,persuasuion of the citizens for obeyance of the laws,for faith in society and nation etc.If this persuasion is based on lies we just call it propaganda,The goverment is supposed firstly to protect its citizens,if it does so by Noble lies we would call that propaganda and actually good propaganda?
rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 15:02 #373172
Reply to Baden So Rhetoric can be decent and can be indicent and when its incident is called propaganda while when its decent its truth-telling persuasion.So if what im telling right now is based on lies is propaganda ?
Baden January 19, 2020 at 15:04 #373173
Reply to rhudehssolf

No, read again.
Baden January 19, 2020 at 15:11 #373175
Here's my one line def: Propaganda is (mis)information framed to foster bias in favor of a power structure or ideology.
rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 15:14 #373176
Reply to Baden That favor is confined to a limited amount of people or can it also be applief for the multitude?
Virgo Avalytikh January 19, 2020 at 15:15 #373177
Quoting rhudehssolf
That favor is confined to a limited amount of people or can it also be applief for the multitude?


What
Baden January 19, 2020 at 15:15 #373178
And rhetoric: Rhetoric is a style of speech or writing that makes use of a set of explicit linguistic tools to persuade.

Reply to rhudehssolf

Can you rephrase the question please?
rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 15:22 #373180
Reply to Baden Reply to Baden i.e is propaganda beneficial in its strict sense for the common good.The notion of noble lies that do cause misinformation but benefit every one ?
rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 15:33 #373187
Reply to Baden So in its speech and writing form propaganda is best produced through rhetoric?
Baden January 19, 2020 at 15:53 #373190
Reply to rhudehssolf

Whether or not it's beneficial depends on the context and your ethical orientation. There might be utilitarian reasons for considering some types of propaganda beneficial, for example.

Quoting rhudehssolf
So in its speech and writing form propaganda is best produced through rhetoric?


Again, it depends. Short catchphrases may work best in some situations. Polemics full of rhetorical devices in others.
unenlightened January 19, 2020 at 17:59 #373223
Quoting rhudehssolf
So i suppose you think


A standard rhetorical move. You make an argument that if I think X, this implies that I should accept Y. If Y does indeed follow from X, it is a legitimate move, and if not it is illegitimate. In this case you are introducing terms I have not used - 'noble' and 'dishonourable', as well as making a universal 'every persuasion based on fallacies and other similar means...' when I have explicitly remarked that even in the formal context of the courtroom, there are grey areas.

I regard this as merely poor rhetoric on your part, not propaganda. You asked for a distinction, and you got one. but this does not imply that either term applies to all speech acts.
Tzeentch January 19, 2020 at 18:32 #373236
Quoting Baden
Propaganda is misinformation


Maybe I am nitpicking here, but this is not the case. While some propaganda certainly is false, much of it is true information framed in a certain way. In fact, the most effective propaganda belongs to this category, precisely because it does not convey falsehoods and often goes unnoticed. Infamous propagandists like Goebbels knew all too well about this distinction.

I would say that to the degree the rhetorician engages in honest, rational debate with his opponent, there is a clear distinction. The more a rhetorician uses linguistic or psychological tricks, or other kinds of manipulation, the lines between rhetoric and propaganda become more blurred.
Baden January 19, 2020 at 18:42 #373237
Quoting Tzeentch
Maybe I am nitpicking here, but this is not the case. While some propaganda certainly is false, much of it is true information framed in a certain way.


Yes, adjusted the definition.

Quoting Tzeentch
I would say that to the degree the rhetorician engages in honest, rational debate with his opponent, there is a clear distinction. The more a rhetorician uses linguistic or psychological tricks, or other kinds of manipulation, the lines between rhetoric and propaganda become more blurred.


Ok, but for it to be propaganda other criteria must apply, such as support of a power structure/ideology.
NOS4A2 January 19, 2020 at 18:43 #373239
Reply to rhudehssolf

Propaganda is much broader in scope because it employs images, music, statues and other artifacts, including rhetoric itself. So when the propaganda is limited to just rhetoric it becomes rhetoric. When that’s the case, the intention behind either may be all that’s left to differentiate between the two. Maybe something like rhetoric is intended to convince while propaganda is intended to control.
rhudehssolf January 19, 2020 at 20:29 #373268
Reply to NOS4A2I see and accept the point made that propaganda can employ more means than rhetoric.

Quoting NOS4A2
Maybe something like rhetoric is intended to convince while propaganda is intended to control


I Think the difference of convincing rhetoric(wether decent or indicent) from propaganda intentented rhetoric is that the former is destroyed by the right of every man to not listen to it as hobbes said as oft as reason is against a man so oft will man be against reason.While the latter propaganda has that controlling or better coercing device that can bypass that obstacle