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It is not there when it is experienced

bahman January 27, 2018 at 19:51 10975 views 111 comments
Consider a system in state of S which evolves to S' obeying laws of nature, S'=L(S). S and S' cannot exist together at the same time therefore S should be annihilated before S' created. This requires an instant that neither S nor S' exist. So we have the series S, "nothing" and S'. It is however impossible to create S' when there is no information about S. This requires a mind which is conscious of S when there is no S and S'. That is mind which creates S' and annihilates S.

Comments (111)

Rich January 27, 2018 at 20:07 #147409
There are no Laws of Nature (totally manufactured concept) and life (mind) is continuous.
bahman January 27, 2018 at 20:11 #147410
Reply to Rich
Of course there is the laws of nature. We experience it in any moment of our lives. Mind is however dominate to the laws of nature.
Hanover January 27, 2018 at 20:15 #147412
Reply to bahman I followed you through the point where you argued that if State A changed to State B, there had to be some amount of time between those states where either A and B existed simultaneously or where neither existed, but I don't follow your solution that the mind is able to exist without being subject to the same problem.
Rich January 27, 2018 at 20:15 #147413
Quoting bahman
Of course there is the laws of nature. We experience it in any moment of our lives. Mind is however dominate to the laws of nature.


I have no idea what Laws you are experiencing. I am (my mind) is experiencing all kinds of things, but certainly not Laws. The Mind made up the Laws of Nature as it did God. It is a story. A myth. The Mind likes creating myths and stories. It's fun.
bahman January 27, 2018 at 20:17 #147414
Quoting Hanover

I followed you through the point where you argued that if State A changed to State B, there had to be some amount of time between those states where either A and B existed simultaneously or where neither existed, but I don't follow your solution that the mind is able to exist without being subject to the same problem.


Mind does not change. What it experiences changes.
bahman January 27, 2018 at 20:20 #147415
Quoting Rich

I have no idea what Laws you are experiencing. I am (my mind) is experiencing all kinds of things, but certainly not Laws. The Mind made up the Laws of Nature as it did God. It is a story. A myth. The Mind likes creating myths and stories. It's fun.


I think there is a reason, more than being fun, behind this, since this is not fun at all.
Hanover January 27, 2018 at 20:20 #147416
Reply to bahmanI think the mind does change. You think it doesn't. Are you trying to change my mind?
bahman January 27, 2018 at 20:21 #147417
Reply to Hanover That is content of your mind which changes.
Deleted User January 27, 2018 at 22:16 #147434
This user has been deleted and all their posts removed.
bahman January 28, 2018 at 12:11 #147579
Quoting tim wood

I don't think you're paying enough attention to what you wrote. The experience of S is not S, and the experience of S occurs only in the mind that experiences it.


Yes, that is correct. I never said that S and its experience are same.

Quoting tim wood

There are then two sorts of changes to account for. First, the real change in the experience, and second, the presumed change in S itself.


The change in experience is the result of perceiving S and later S'.

Quoting tim wood

Both accounts are tedious to reproduce.


Not really. Here I am arguing that having S, one agent can be conscious of S and then he annihilates S and then create S'.

Quoting tim wood

Mainly, your argument is just a riff on Zeno: the arrow doesn't move, Achilleus never crosses the finish and never beats the tortoise, and so forth. The trick is usually in having a correct understanding of the sum of an infinite series. But it's all a twice-told story. Why bring it up (again) here?


My argument has nothing to do with Zeno argument. What I am arguing is that you need a mind with ability to annihilate and create in order to have motion.
Rich January 28, 2018 at 13:22 #147587
Quoting bahman
My argument has nothing to do with Zeno argument. What I am arguing is that you need a mind with ability to annihilate and create in order to have motion.


There Mind is creating new forms by use of will and it is recognizing and conceiving forms by use of memory but it is not annihilating. The universe is more like a clay of energy that is constantly being manipulated and changing.

There is no series. The universe is a continuous and entangled. Using symbolics such as words, mathematics, or logic cannot be used to represent a continuous universe in flux. The only b way to understand it is via observation.
bahman January 28, 2018 at 15:02 #147603
Quoting Rich

There Mind is creating new forms by use of will and it is recognizing and conceiving forms by use of memory but it is not annihilating.


Memory of past is what is experienced, S and also those state before S.
Rich January 28, 2018 at 15:05 #147605
Reply to bahman There are no states. Everything is continuous. This idea of states is a symbolic concept that may be of practical use but does not describe the universe. If you insist on states, then you cannot understand or explain what is transpiring. This is where academia education goes off on it's on track.
Harry Hindu January 28, 2018 at 15:50 #147610
Quoting Rich
I have no idea what Laws you are experiencing. I am (my mind) is experiencing all kinds of things, but certainly not Laws. The Mind made up the Laws of Nature as it did God. It is a story. A myth. The Mind likes creating myths and stories. It's fun.


Quoting Rich
There Mind is creating new forms by use of will and it is recognizing and conceiving forms by use of memory but it is not annihilating. The universe is more like a clay of energy that is constantly being manipulated and changing.

There is no series. The universe is a continuous and entangled. Using symbolics such as words, mathematics, or logic cannot be used to represent a continuous universe in flux. The only b way to understand it is via observation.


Quoting Rich
There are no states. Everything is continuous. This idea of states is a symbolic concept that may be of practical use but does not describe the universe. If you insist on states, then you cannot understand or explain what is transpiring. This is where academia education goes off on it's on track.

Strange. You say that you experience no laws, yet every post you created in this thread is espousing some objective state-of-affairs (laws). In telling us how things really are and work, are you not espousing laws?
Rich January 28, 2018 at 16:06 #147613
Reply to Harry Hindu Quoting Harry Hindu
objective state-of-affairs (laws)


There is no objective state of affairs. Everything is in continuous flux. We are all involved and sharing experiences.

And when the heck did I ever use the concept of Laws? Everything is constantly changing. However, habits are formed which appear to be repetitive but are always different.

The fundamental error in all academic and scientific analysis of the universe is replacing symbols (which are static) for flow, which is what we are all experiencing. This is where philosophy can step in and say "what the heck"?. Instead philosophy plays along, even substituting some measurement which science calls time for the real thing.
bahman January 28, 2018 at 19:23 #147661
Reply to Rich
You cannot deny that the stuff we experience has a form, meaning that it is in specific state.
Rich January 28, 2018 at 19:59 #147664
Reply to bahman It has form that is constantly changing. There is no state, ever, there is continuous change.
Cavacava January 28, 2018 at 20:31 #147669
Reply to bahman
I am arguing that having S, one agent can be conscious of S and then he annihilates S and then create S'.


Consider three movements:

1) S is hypothesized
2) S becomes destabilized as it it is negated (-S)
3) S' the synthesis of S & -S

Determinate negation.




prothero January 28, 2018 at 20:38 #147671
How about it is no longer there, when experienced? Given the time involved in perceptual processing
or
It is not as experienced? Given the limitations of perception and the filtering and organization of the perceptual process.
Does mind create and destroy "Reality"? Does mind exist outside of "Reality"? Not as I understand the meaning of the terms but we likely have a language problem as well as a philosophical one.
Janus January 28, 2018 at 23:31 #147698
Reply to Rich

Nature is in a state of change. All states are states of change; there are no truly static states, but there are patterns and regularities of change; that much seems obvious.
Rich January 28, 2018 at 23:35 #147700
Reply to Janus Ok. Everything is constantly changing. No need to make it more complicated than that. If you v want to say there is one and only one BIG STATE of change, so that the word state is worked into the sentence, no big deal. We can work in as many scientific words as one wishes.
Janus January 28, 2018 at 23:39 #147702
Reply to Rich

There are many discernible states of change within the "one BIG STATE" of change that we call the universe. That is what science studies states of change, rates of change and regularities of change. Do you find a problem with that?
Rich January 28, 2018 at 23:44 #147703
Quoting Janus
There are many discernible states of change within the "one BIG STATE" of change that we call the universe. That is what science studies states of change, rates of change and regularities of change. Do you find a problem with that?


Everything is continuously changing. Science just approximates. Problems arise when people start substituting approximations (for some practical application) for the actual experience. That's what creates paradoxes, Zeno's being the most famous.

The universe is one gigantic blob that constantly changing and we are changing with it and we (our minds) are causing change. This is real evolution. No need to fabricate some Laws of Nature that naturally loves Big Macs.
Janus January 29, 2018 at 00:01 #147708
Reply to Rich

Science attempts to model change; of course the model is not what is being modeled. Models are not perfect; they can be improved, probably endlessly, but cannot ever become perfect. Zeno's paradox is easily solved by science; it is only seems to be a paradox to the untutored. What "laws of Nature" are has not been settled by science or by philosophy of science.

Are they given by God? Are they "nature taking habits" as Peirce contended? Are they something which we will never be able to discover the origin of? Are they merely descriptions with no provenance beyond the human mind? Take your pick; whatever you choose, you will find plenty of others that disagree.
Rich January 29, 2018 at 00:18 #147717
Quoting Janus
Take your pick; whatever you choose, you will find plenty of others that disagree.


I just observe my mind doing its thing. For some reason Descartes gets credit for this observation even though the ancient cultures pretty much observed the same. If someone wishes to make up stories of non-existent particles getting together and playing soccer or talking things over on a forum, that their deal not mine.

As for Pierce, he wrote that Mind came first which is not that much different from Daoism.
prothero January 29, 2018 at 00:21 #147719
Reply to Janus
That is what objects are, repeating patterns of events. In some ways that is what nature is. The present consists of elements of the past and possibilities pulled from the future. The world is a continuous "becoming" not a static "being"
Janus January 29, 2018 at 00:22 #147721
Reply to Rich

I don't believe that mind can be observed; it is the act of observing. Also Peirce does not say that mind came first as far I remember of what I have read of him. Perhaps you could cite a passage where he says this.
Janus January 29, 2018 at 00:24 #147724
Reply to prothero

I agree with this. It sounds like you are a fellow admirer of Whitehead.
Rich January 29, 2018 at 00:38 #147730
Quoting Janus
I don't believe that mind can be observed


It's not that difficult. It's right there.

From Peirce's Law of the Mind (note the title of the article):


"I have begun by showing that tychism must give birth to an evolu-
tionary cosmology, in which all the regularities of nature and of
mind are regarded as products of growth, and to a Schelling-fashioned
idealism which holds matter to be mere specialised and partially
deadened mind."

As far case Peirce is concerned, he proposes a Daoist-like Tychism which begats mind, which begats matter as deadened mind.

Bergson adopted some of this in his own view of the Creative Force and Matter.
prothero January 29, 2018 at 06:07 #147798
Reply to Janus Yes, I find process metaphysics (Whitehead in particular) very appealing, provided one adjusts for the advances in scientific knowledge.
Harry Hindu January 29, 2018 at 11:58 #147845
Quoting Rich
There is no objective state of affairs. Everything is in continuous flux. We are all involved and sharing experiences.

And when the heck did I ever use the concept of Laws? Everything is constantly changing. However, habits are formed which appear to be repetitive but are always different.

The fundamental error in all academic and scientific analysis of the universe is replacing symbols (which are static) for flow, which is what we are all experiencing. This is where philosophy can step in and say "what the heck"?. Instead philosophy plays along, even substituting some measurement which science calls time for the real thing.

"Everything is in continuous flux." and "We are all involved in sharing experiences." are both statements that you believe are true of ALL minds, which makes it a statement about some state-of-affairs that includes ALL minds, which makes it an objective statement about minds.

You don't necessarily need to use a word when you are using it's definition.

Law: a statement of fact, deduced from observation, to the effect that a particular natural or scientific phenomenon always occurs if certain conditions are present.
Rich January 29, 2018 at 14:28 #147894
Quoting Harry Hindu
We are all involved in sharing experiences." are both statements that you believe are true of ALL minds,


It is a simple observation. If you noticed any thing that is not changing it any person that is not creating let me know. (There actually is non-duration, but I'll leave that aside for now). All of this subject to change. Everything is evolving. There are no Laws, just some habits.
bahman January 29, 2018 at 18:29 #147992
Reply to Rich
I don't understand what you are arguing against. Form is nothing than state.
Rich January 29, 2018 at 18:37 #147997
Reply to bahman THERE ARE NO STATES in continuous movement. Zeno's paradoxes smartly demonstrate this.

States are a construct of the mind to solve practical problems. It is symbolic. If one substitutes states for the nature of nature, one will get paradoxes. States can be used when appropriate in technological development, not when it comes to a living nature. Philosophers shouldn't use states. The tool doesn't belong because there is nothing static in the universe.

Philosophy is not science. There are huge problems when the tools of one bleed into the other.
bahman January 29, 2018 at 19:10 #148019
Quoting Cavacava

Consider three movements:

1) S is hypothesized


Ok.

Quoting Cavacava

2) S becomes destabilized as it it is negated (-S)


What is -S? Could you give an example? In my case annihilation just destroys S and leaves us by noting whether S is the ironess of iron or thought for example.

Quoting Cavacava

3) S' the synthesis of S & -S

Determinate negation.


What is &? Do you wanted to write "S' is the synthesis of S & -S"?

How could you embed the mind between?
bahman January 29, 2018 at 19:24 #148029
Quoting prothero

How about it is no longer there, when experienced? Given the time involved in perceptual processing
or It is not as experienced? Given the limitations of perception and the filtering and organization of the perceptual process.


That is what I am trying to say: What we experience is no longer there. Experience is always comes after existence. This means that there is nothing exist when we experience. The delay due to process (which turns input to mental state) is one obstacle.

Quoting prothero

Does mind create and destroy "Reality"?


Yes, we do it all the times. We can create and destroy thoughts. Thoughts are in motion and we have the ability to make them static.

Quoting prothero

Does mind exist outside of "Reality"?


Mind to me are ambiguous things. They don't have any location since they are not like stuff out there, physical, yet they could somehow interact with the stuff.

Quoting prothero

Not as I understand the meaning of the terms but we likely have a language problem as well as a philosophical one.


Yes, I am not a philosopher and English is not my first language. Thanks for your patience.
bahman January 29, 2018 at 19:28 #148031
Quoting Rich

THERE ARE NO STATES in continuous movement. Zeno's paradoxes smartly demonstrate this.


I am not talking about continuous movement. In fact my argument is about a discrete movement.
Rich January 29, 2018 at 19:35 #148032
Quoting bahman
In fact my argument is about a discrete movement.


No such animal in this universe. Inapplicable to the study of nature. It is only a game to pass the time - which is perfectly fine as long as it is recognized as such.
prothero January 30, 2018 at 03:45 #148145
Quoting Janus
There are many discernible states of change within the "one BIG STATE" of change that we call the universe. That is what science studies states of change, rates of change and regularities of change. Do you find a problem with that?

Well actually there are lots of problems with the assumptions underlying that statement. One is the assumption that the precise state (location in space and time) of anything can be determined to the degree of precision required when talking about infinite divisions of space and time.

Mathematically one can solve Zeno's paradoxes with calculus and infinite series of decreasing numbers the sum of which turns out to be a finite number (Cantor etc.).

When talking about space-time divisions, the assumption that space-time is infinitely divisible is open to question as one approaches the planck length, planck time and considers the notion of space time quantum foam, quantum gravity and looks at the uncertainty principle regarding measurement of position and velocity.

So one must at least consider the discontinuity of space-time at infinitely small distances and thus the quantum collapses or transitions during the "motion" of particles and consider the measurement of macro objects as approximations.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:04 #148293
Reply to prothero

I can't see how any points where what you say here contradicts or constitutes a problem for what I have said there. Perhaps you could indicate those points?
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:08 #148295
Reply to Rich

I'm not sure what you mean by "mind" but I don't believe Peirce intends anything which would suggest panpsychism or idealism as they are usually understood.

Take a look at Peirce's categories of philosophy as cited here: https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/2783/three-categories-and-seven-systems-of-metaphysics/p1
Rich January 30, 2018 at 20:12 #148297
Quoting Janus
I'm not sure what you mean by "mind" but I don't believe Peirce intends anything which would suggest panpsychism or idealism as they are usually understood.


Just read what he wrote. I don't think it needs much deciphering.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:16 #148300
Reply to Rich

Then it would seem that you do not believe in nuanced, informed interpretations of philosophers writings; but prefer to remain tendentious, and cherry-pick to serve your own agenda.
Rich January 30, 2018 at 20:18 #148302
Reply to Janus I just don't believe in making up stuff just because it doesn't fit my agenda. If you don't like what he wrote, then just move on and find someone else who agrees with you.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:19 #148303
Reply to Rich

So, you've studied Peirce's works?
Rich January 30, 2018 at 20:25 #148304
Reply to Janus I read his paper on THE LAW of The MIND.

You wanted the reference, so you got it. Not my problem that you don't like it.

I have a suggestion. Why don't you just ignore it and pretend it doesn't exist.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:29 #148306
Reply to Rich

So, how do you reconcile your simplistic interpretation with what is cited in the OP, where the following is quoted from Peirce:

"I should call myself an Aristotelian of the scholastic wing, approaching Scotism, but going much further in the direction of scholastic realism."
Rich January 30, 2018 at 20:34 #148307
Reply to Janus I see nothing about Mind here. Is this your simplistic idea of quoting Peirce about Mind? You rather ignore his paper? Fine. I'm total ok with you ignoring the paper. Just make up some other word to replace Mind. Whatever works for you.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 20:41 #148308
Reply to Rich

Peirce refers to himself as being something like a "scholastic realist", and this is not compatible with the idea that he was simply an idealist or a panpsychist; or that he shared their ways of understanding the notion of mind or considering it to be fundamental. If you disagree with this then you are contradicting what Peirce himself wrote, as cited in that OP, which amounts to telling us that you know more about what Peirce thought than he did himself. :-}
Rich January 30, 2018 at 20:45 #148309
Quoting Janus
"scholastic realist", and this is not compatible with the idea that he was simply an idealist or a panpsychist; or that he shared their ways of understanding the notion of mind or considering it to be fundamental.


For further amplification in his views about Mind and matter being deadened Mind, I would refer you to his article.

Exactly what do you believe should people do? Ignore Peirce's own succinct description and defer to your biased and goal oriented interpretation? Rather bizarre.

Maybe what you might consider is rethinking your own views?

BTW, I am very much a realist when it comes to the Mind. It is very, very, very real.
Janus January 30, 2018 at 21:00 #148316
Reply to Rich

If you don't believe that what philosophers write requires deciphering then that explains your tendency towards simplistic interpretations.

Quoting Rich
Maybe what you might consider is rethinking your own views?


I haven't said anything about my own views: I have just pointed out that your simplistic interpretation of Peirce is not compatible with what he himself has stated; and I have provided textual evidence for that by referring to what was cited in the other OP.

Rich January 30, 2018 at 21:08 #148318
Quoting Janus
If you don't believe that what philosophers write requires deciphering then that explains your tendency towards simplistic interpretations.


Anyone who understands human nature and agendas will always go to the source, and I don't care what discipline is being discussed?

[quote="Janus;148316"your simplistic interpretation]Peirce is not compatible with what he himself has stated;[/quote]

It keeps getting more bizarre. I didn't do any interpretation. It was a direct quote right out of his own article on MIND. You just don't like what he wrote. Sorry, can't help you. Maybe someone else can. Maybe someone who had a greater flare for distorting. As for me, I like it simple.


Janus January 30, 2018 at 21:16 #148326
Quoting Rich
As for me, I like it simple.


No argument from me on that.
Daniel January 30, 2018 at 22:04 #148339
Reply to bahman Hey, here is something I wrote not long ago. It kind of solves your problem, I think.

For A to become B the following conditions must be true before B exists: (1) A must exist, (2) the possibilities for both B to exist and the transformation to take place must exist, and (3) A and what would be B after A’s transformation must necessarily be two different things; otherwise, A would still be A after such transformation, which, in strict terms, would really never take place if A and the result of its transformation are the same thing. Following this analogy, it is safe to conclude that in order for B to exist, it must have not existed before; to assume the contrary would be the same as to assume that B came to be out of B. Also, as soon as the possibility for B to exist becomes existent the possibility for the transformation from A to B becomes existent, as long as B is a valid outcome of A's transformation. Therefore, even though during the transformation from A to B, neither A or B exist, by B being the only outcome of A's transformation, the transformation will take place by passing through a series of events whose sum will result in the formation of B.
Wayfarer January 31, 2018 at 06:11 #148426
Quoting Janus
Peirce refers to himself as being something like a "scholastic realist",


That makes him a 'medieval' realist, i.e. accepts the reality of universals - so not a 'realist' in the modern sense.

Peirce understood nominalism in the broad anti-realist sense usually attributed to William of Ockham, as the view that reality consists exclusively of concrete particulars and that universality and generality have to do only with names and their significations. This view relegates properties, abstract entities, kinds, relations, laws of nature, and so on, to a conceptual existence at most. Peirce believed nominalism (including what he referred to as "the daughters of nominalism": sensationalism, phenomenalism, individualism, and materialism) to be seriously flawed and a great threat to the advancement of science and civilization. His alternative was a nuanced realism that distinguished reality from existence and that could admit general and abstract entities as reals without attributing to them direct (efficient) causal powers. Peirce held that these non-existent reals could influence the course of events by means of final causation (conceived somewhat after Aristotle's conception), and that to banish them from ontology, as nominalists require, is virtually to eliminate the ground for scientific prediction as well as to underwrite a skeptical ethos unsupportive of moral agency.


Review of Paul Forster, Peirce & the Threat of Nominalism.

I find the distinction of 'reality and existence' mentioned in that passage highly significant; it is practically the only recent source I have seen that understands this distinction.

Quoting Janus
I don't believe Peirce intends anything which would suggest panpsychism or idealism as they are usually understood.


He most certainly was a self-described idealist. From the SEP entry on C S Peirce

This notion of all things as being evolved psycho-physical unities of some sort places Peirce well within the sphere of what might be called “the grand old-fashioned metaphysicians,” along with such thinkers as Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Spinoza, Leibniz, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Whitehead, et al. Some contemporary philosophers might be inclined to reject Peirce out of hand upon discovering this fact. Others might find his notion of psycho-physical unities not so very off-putting or indeed even attractive. What is crucial is that Peirce argued that mind pervades all of nature in varying degrees: it is not found merely in the most advanced animal species.


(my emphasis.)

There's a helpful essay on Peirce's idealism The Intelligibility of Peirce's Metaphysics of Objective Idealism, Nicholas Guardiano. My view is that the sense in which Peirce understands 'mind' is directly descended from the Platonic tradition via Augustine; which was preserved in German idealism, and is also found in Emerson (who was also influenced by Eastern monism, as described in the above essay.) There is an appendix to the SEP article on Peirce's relationship to German idealists. (Recall this was well before G E Moore's 'Refutation of Idealism'; at the time Peirce was active, idealism was still the reigning paradigm in American and English universities; Peirce's contemporaries, such as Joshia Royce and Borden Parker Bowne, were similarly idealistic philosophers.)
Janus January 31, 2018 at 07:25 #148431
Quoting Wayfarer
That makes him a 'medieval' realist, i.e. accepts the reality of universals - so not a 'realist' in the modern sense.


It is the nominalist who does not accept the reality of universals. Realists of various kinds accept their reality, just not their transcendent reality.

Quoting Wayfarer
He most certainly was a self-described idealist.


https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/2783/three-categories-and-seven-systems-of-metaphysics/p1

Have a look at this OP where Peirce is directly cited and you will see that Peirce was no idealist in the ordinary sense of the term.

Wayfarer January 31, 2018 at 07:40 #148432
Reply to Janus I don’t see anything there in which Peirce is said not to be idealist. Universals have to be ‘transcendent’ insofar as not being characteristic only of particulars.
bahman January 31, 2018 at 12:53 #148487
Quoting Daniel

Therefore, even though during the transformation from A to B, neither A or B exist, by B being the only outcome of A's transformation, the transformation will take place by passing through a series of events whose sum will result in the formation of B.


The problem is when neither B or A exist. This means that you have nothing so this question becomes relevant that how you could have B from nothing?
Janus January 31, 2018 at 21:45 #148632
Quoting Wayfarer
I don’t see anything there in which Peirce is said not to be idealist.


Peirce sees himself as belonging himself with the third group, with those who acknowledge the reality of all three categories of monadic affectivity, brute physicality and "triadic regulative habit". I think Peirce's conception of matter as "effete mind" indicates not that he believed anything such as "all is consciousness", but that the "habit-taking" of matter shows it to be best thought of as 'mind-like'. Just as brute matter is effete (meaning "no longer effective") mind, so mind would be considered by Peirce to be evolved matter. Remember, Peirce utterly rejected any notion of mind as substance or duality of substance.

Quoting Wayfarer
Universals have to be ‘transcendent’ insofar as not being characteristic only of particulars.


It seems to me that universality (or better, generality) is co-constitutive of particulars, just as particularity is. There cannot be particulars without generality. A thing cannot be anything without being some kind of thing. Equally it cannot be any kind of thing without being a particular thing. Generality is not transcendent because without particularity there can be no generality; it cannot be any more transcendent that particularity. The two are utterly co-arising and codependent, I would venture to say.
Janus January 31, 2018 at 22:15 #148639
Reply to bahman

Why can't there be something which is neither A nor B, but something of both?
Wayfarer January 31, 2018 at 22:45 #148649
Quoting Janus
Just as brute matter is effete (meaning "no longer effective") mind, so mind would be considered by Peirce to be evolved matter.


Agree up to this point. I don't think that second statement stacks up in the least against what Peirce thought. Mind being 'evolved matter' is what neo-Darwinists think, and although of course they didn't exist when he was around, it is not at all congruent with his thinking. (Have a look at his ideas on 'agapeism', which are distinctly antagonistic to many of the ideas that would become characteristic of later neo-Darwinism.) In Peirce, 'mind' was much more like Hegel's 'geist'.

Quoting Janus
Generality is not transcendent because without particularity there can be no generality; it cannot be any more transcendent that particularity.


I think the depiction of 'universals' as simply 'generalities' amounts to psychologism i.e. it equates them purely with habits of thought. The way that universals transcend particulars is more the fact that individual particulars are simply instances of a universal form. For instance, individuals are simply instances of a species, so the species in a sense 'transcends' the existence of this or that individual.

Janus January 31, 2018 at 23:20 #148652
Quoting Wayfarer
Agree up to this point. I don't think that second statement stacks up in the least against what Peirce thought.


What I should have said is that consciousness is evolved matter. Matter is effete mind, ineffective mind, consciousness is thus evolved effete mind, the temporal; development of mind through the creative "taking of habits". The thing that is not in Peirce's ontology is the idea of a foundational pervasive consciousness (as opposed to ineffective mind). There is no doubt that Peirce believed in evolution. I think that his conception of matter as effete mind indicates that he thought that what we think of as mind is, in its basic brutely ineffective forms (forms that we would not normally think of as mind) inherent in nature; and that this explains its emergence in the forms that animals and humans manifest.

Take a look at this SEP entry in order to appreciate some of the subtleties of Peirce's view and its points of commonality and lack of commonality with the German Idealists: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce/self-contextualization.html

Quoting Wayfarer
I think the depiction of 'universals' as simply 'generalities' amounts to psychologism i.e. it equates them purely with habits of thought.


I don't see why. Generality is as inherent in nature as particularity is; and it is not confined merely to "habits of thought". The habit of thinking generalities could never have developed if there were no generalities in nature. It's true that a species in a sense "transcends" individuals of its class, but there is no reason that I can see to believe this is evidence of a transcendent realm of universal forms. It just shows the ways in which natures "takes habits" to reproduce established patterns.
Rich January 31, 2018 at 23:41 #148653
Quoting Janus
Matter is effete mind, ineffective mind, consciousness is thus evolved effete mind,


The distortion, the twisting begins. Just drop some some words, rearrange some, and presto you have something you can live with. Now let's read what he really wrote instead of what you wish he wrote specifically about the mind (probably anticipating philosophers who would try to distort his views).

Peirce took several years to write his paper. It was written in English. Peirce knows how to use the language.

"I have begun by showing that tychism must give birth to an evolutionary cosmology, in which all the regularities of nature and of mind are regarded as products of growth, and to a Schelling-fashioned idealism which holds matter to be mere specialized and partially deadened mind.

Rarely, have I read any philosophers so perfectly succinct about his views about mind. Bergson took the exact same view as did others, Emerson being one influence.

For all those who enjoy Tychism, I hope you equally enjoy Mind which provides the creative, non-deterministic impulse as well as deadened mind/matter.
Wayfarer February 01, 2018 at 00:02 #148657
Quoting Janus
The thing that is not in Peirce's ontology is the idea of a foundational pervasive consciousness (as opposed to ineffective mind).


But that is precisely what is in Peirce. Note that bolded phrase in the passage two posts up: 'mind pervades all nature'. It is pretty close to pan-psychism, really. And from that article you just linked to:
'This single substance of Peirce's metaphysical monism, Peirce seems to associate with with objective idealists, especially with the Geist of Hegel'. This is a point that I have taken up with Apokrisis at various times - I think the notion of 'mind' in Peirce ultimately goes back to the 'nous' of the Western tradition. That is what makes him an idealist - just as the SEP article says. And the addendum on his links with German idealism say that ultimately, he identified as more or less a Kantian - with some caveats. As I said, this is partially because of when he wrote - it was before the rebellion of analytical philosophy against Continental idealism.

Quoting Janus
there is no reason that I can see to believe this is evidence of a transcendent realm of universal forms


I think the problem lies with the concept of a 'transcendent realm' because the concept 'objectifies' the idea - tries to depict it in a spatio-temporal sense. Of course, we can't imagine 'where' such a realm might be, and so, how it could actually be 'a realm'. But I think the expression is meant in the same sense as expressions such as 'the realm of natural numbers' or 'the domain of laws', which are in some sense a metaphorical use of the term 'domain' or 'realm'. However I still think that such realms and domains are perfectly real - but that they're not objectively existent, they're not 'out there somewhere'. The reality of numbers, for example, must already be assumed by thought, in order to arrive at an understanding at what is objectively the case. I mean, science does this at every instance, by calculating sameness, difference, distribution, frequency, and so on. It is only by quantification that it is able to derive such ideas as means, averages, patterns, and the like, by which an objective judgement is validated. But notice that the mathematical reasoning that science relies on to derive such facts, is not in itself part of the objective realm, mathematical truths being 'transcendent' in that sense. Scientists make quantified predictions based on hypotheses and then test them against nature, which tells them whether their hypotheses are correct. And they may get the maths wrong, but the general fact is that maths provides all the yardsticks against which such judgements are made. That is the sense in which mathematics is 'transcendent'; mathematical truths are 'always already the case'.

I think the problem is, that this notion of 'transcendental' sits uneasily with current philosophy. That is why such Platonistic intuitions are more than unfashionable, they're almost politically incorrect.


Janus February 01, 2018 at 00:20 #148658
Quoting Wayfarer
I think the problem is, that this notion of 'transcendental' sits uneasily with current philosophy. That is why such Platonistic intuitions are more than unfashionable, they're almost politically incorrect.


I think the problem is really that they are unintelligible. Hegel's notion of spirit is not a transcendental notion, but a notion of immanence; for Hegel spirit just is matter looked at from a different perspective; similar to Spinoza. I agree that this is in line with what Peirce wants to say, too. Nowhere that I can remember (and I have read quite a bit of Peirce over many years) does he identify himself as a Platonist. I'll try to respond in more detail to the rest of your post later.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 00:26 #148659
Reply to Rich

It's not like the simplistic picture you are wanting to paint. Take a look at this SEP entry on this Schelling: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/schelling/#2 paying particular attention to'2. Transcendental Philosophy and Naturphilosophie'.
Rich February 01, 2018 at 00:32 #148660
Reply to Janus if you disagree with what he wrote, then just disagree with him. His description is pristine clear and carefully crafted. He knew that he had to deal with the question of mind and matter and he did. Good for him. And he didn't need 15000 pages to do it. When someone knows what they want to convey, it can be done very succinctly. It's when someone has no idea what they are talking about when obfuscation and long windiness becomes the tool, hoping that the mass of words will hide that there is nothing there.

In one short, succinct paragraph Peirce related what was on his on mind. A breath of fresh air.
Wayfarer February 01, 2018 at 02:15 #148675
Quoting Janus
I think the problem is really that they are unintelligible.


‘Not understood’, more likely.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 05:23 #148694
Reply to Wayfarer

The problem is that apparently no coherent account of the reality of transcendent forms can be given; if an intelligible explanation had been propounded by anyone, no doubt we would all know about it.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 07:09 #148702
Reply to Rich

Oh well, I remain unconvinced that you have any idea what was on Peirce's mind.

“The truth is that pragmaticism is closely allied to the Hegelian absolute idealism, from which, however, it is sundered by its vigorous denial that the third category … suffices to make the world…?.” (CP, 5.436).

The "third category" is what you would call "mind".

https://screenshots.firefox.com/rxVQpiIITv13H3Vn/en.wikipedia.org


Janus February 01, 2018 at 08:38 #148714
From Schelling System of Transcendental Philosophy Introduction 3. 'Preliminary Division of Transcendental Philosophy':

"Now it is certainly a productive activity that finds expression in willing; all free action is productive, albeit consciously productive. If we now suppose, since the two activities have only to be one in principle, that the same activity which is consciously productive in free action,is productive without consciousness in bringing about the world, then our predetermined harmony is real, and the contradiction resolved."

The rest of the text is here:

https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/schellin.htm
Rich February 01, 2018 at 12:17 #148759
Quoting Janus
Oh well, I remain unconvinced that you have any idea what was on Peirce's mind.


And you do? First you didn't even know about his own writings on the subject. Then, when presented, you completely ignore it. Then you simply rewrite it to your own taste. Then you start quotng some 5th removed text. Remarkable. It reminds me of the "academic scholars" who declare Bohmian Mechanics deterministic despite Bohm's own specific writings to the contrary.

Apparently an author's writings don't count much.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 13:59 #148795
Reply to Janus
The point is that we have to know how to reach from A to B. That requires nothing between. It cannot be something, lets call it C, since we need to know how to reach from A to C.
sime February 01, 2018 at 16:50 #148844
We have of course no reason to assume that our discrete representations are literally representative of a discrete reality undergoing state transitions, for we never observe precise and static states undergoing transition, rather we just see a fuzzy dynamic procession that we carve up into neat pieces for sake of approximate analysis.

So perhaps you argument should be interpreted as a modus-tollens that leads to a rejection this assumption, rather than an argument for a separate mental substance. I'm not even sure how introducing an overseer solves the problem without introducing it at another level.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 19:45 #148862
Quoting sime

We have of course no reason to assume that our discrete representations are literally representative of a discrete reality undergoing state transitions, for we never observe precise and static states undergoing transition, rather we just see a fuzzy dynamic procession that we carve up into neat pieces for sake of approximate analysis.


I don't know whether the reality is discrete or continuous. Regardless you can develop a same model for continuous case.

Quoting sime

So perhaps you argument should be interpreted as a modus-tollens that leads to a rejection this assumption, rather than an argument for a separate mental substance.


You are left with mere experience, if we accept that experience is by product of physical activity, which does not have any causal power. To be honest I believe on mind but I don't understand what is the use of brain when it comes to experience and act.

Quoting sime

I'm not even sure how introducing an overseer solves the problem without introducing it at another level.


What is another problem?
Janus February 01, 2018 at 20:48 #148877
Quoting Rich
And you do? First you didn't even know about his own writings on the subject. Then, when presented, you completely ignore it.


Your assumption that I was unaware of Peirce's The Law of Mind is incorrect. I asked you to cite passages and provide arguments for your particular interpretation of those passages; which you have failed to do. You interpret tendentiously and then protest that your interpretation must be correct because Peirce is so transparent that no interpretation is required. I am reasonably familiar with a good portion of Peirce's writings, the ones contained in two collections that I have owned for about fifteen years: Charles S Peirce: Selected Writings and Philosophical writings of Peirce edited by Philip P Wiener and Justus Buchler respectively. I know that Peirce is a complex and subtle thinker, and I also know that the philosophical questions concerning idealism and realism are nuanced and complicated in general.

So, when I see someone like you who reads superficially and interprets in order to satisfy their pet agenda, an agenda that they never cease to go on about, I can only laugh and shrug my shoulders. If you want to develop philosophically you need to learn that the writings of complex thinkers require considerable effort to understand and interpret and that the meaning of the content in individual essays always needs to be interpreted against their whole body of work.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 20:53 #148880
Reply to bahman

Continuing your example, say there is a determinable state A followed by a determinable state B, and we call the transition from the first to the second states 'C'. You claim that C must be "nothing". I say that it must be an indeterminable state because "nothing" is impossible. C is something but it is not a determinable something.
Rich February 01, 2018 at 21:05 #148888
Quoting Janus
I asked you to cite passages and provide arguments for your particular interpretation o


There is no need to interpret. This is not ancient Greek. It is plain English and unusually succinct and pristine for philosophical writings which usually meander into total obfuscation and meaningless rambling. I'll leave the distortions, or what you call sophisticated intepretation, to you.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 21:08 #148890
Reply to Rich

"Plain English! LOL, it seems you are a lost cause, then. You should be posting on some New Age forums instead of here if you think sophisticated interpretation of philosophical writing is not required.
Rich February 01, 2018 at 21:10 #148891
Reply to Janus Mind is a result of the growth of tychism. Matter is deadened mind.

Very, very straightforward.

The Law of the Mind.


Janus February 01, 2018 at 21:22 #148894
Reply to Rich

What, in your own words, is "the growth of tychism"? What is mind? What is matter? Explain you interpretation of Peirce.
Rich February 01, 2018 at 21:44 #148897
Reply to Janus No need for me to "interpret". I have my own views of Mind. Peirce has his views.

"I argued further in favor of that way of thinking, which it will be convenient to christen tychism (from ????, chance)."

" I have begun by showing that tychism must give birth to an evolutionary cosmology, in which all the regularities of nature and of mind are regarded as products of growth,"

and to a Schelling-fashioned idealism which holds matter to be mere specialized and partially deadened mind..

It's straight forward. I don't agree entirely, but that is my view. I don't layer my views on Peirce.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 21:58 #148900
Reply to Rich

If you're not prepared or able to say in your own words what you think Peirce means, and how you think that what you think he means entails that consciousness is fundamental to reality, then that surely signals the end of this discussion.
Rich February 01, 2018 at 22:00 #148902
Quoting Janus
he means entails that consciousness is fundamental to reality


Actually he wrote Tychism and Mind are fundamental. That is why he titled his paper Law if the Mind.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:12 #148907
Quoting Janus

Continuing your example, say there is a determinable state A followed by a determinable state B, and we call the transition from the first to the second states 'C'. You claim that C must be "nothing". I say that it must be an indeterminable state because "nothing" is impossible. C is something but it is not a determinable something.


C cannot be an indeterminate state. How could you get something determinate, B, from something indeterminate, C? You need nothing to allow changes and mind to know, and perform changes.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:12 #148908
Reply to Rich

Yes, but that goes back to my original point that I believe that Peirce is not referring to consciousness or perception as being fundamental, but to the tendency of matter, as "effete mind", to take habits, which leads to the possibility of sign relations and evolved states such as consciousness.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:14 #148909
Reply to bahman

Do you have an argument for why something determinate cannot proceed from something indeterminate?
Rich February 01, 2018 at 22:16 #148911
Reply to Janus Nope. You left out Mind and jumped right too "effete mind" or matter, because this better dovetails with your biased interpretation. He clearly indicates Mind (not matter) is fundamental. He even described matter as deadened Mind. He didn't title his paper the Law of Matter.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:21 #148914
Quoting Janus

Do you have an argument for why something determinate cannot proceed from something indeterminate?


Yes, an indeterminate state could lead into many determinate things since it is indifferent.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:21 #148915
Reply to Rich

Outline your argument for the distinctions you claim he is making then. Of course my interpretation is biased; all interpretations, including yours, are biased. No one knows for sure what Peirce really had in mind; that's why there are scholars who spend lifetimes studying the great philosophers and disagreeing over how to interpret them.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:22 #148916
Reply to bahman

Now you're contradicting yourself.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:23 #148917
Quoting Janus

Now you're contradicting yourself.


No. Why?
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:27 #148918
Quoting bahman
No. Why?


Quoting bahman
How could you get something determinate, B, from something indeterminate, C?


Quoting bahman
Yes, an indeterminate state could lead into many determinate things since it is indifferent.


bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:33 #148920
Double post. Deleted.
bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:33 #148921
Reply to Janus
I should have written "No, an indeterminate state could not lead into many determinate things since it is indifferent.". I don't know why I made such a mistake. Sorry for that.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 22:36 #148923
Quoting bahman
"No, an indeterminate state could not lead into many determinate things since it is indifferent."


Do you have an argument for that?
bahman February 01, 2018 at 22:44 #148925
Is indeterminate state an indifferent state? You understood that the former statement is contradictory therefore its negate should be correct.
Janus February 01, 2018 at 23:27 #148929
Reply to bahman

An indeterminable (note that in our exchange you changed this to "indeterminate" so let's stick to the original term for the sake of clarity) state is a state that cannot be determined. What do you mean by "an indifferent state"?
Rich February 02, 2018 at 02:34 #148944
Quoting Janus
No one knows for sure what Peirce really had in mind; that's why there are scholars who spend lifetimes studying the great philosophers and disagreeing over how to interpret them.


Peirce is pretty clear:

https://archive.org/stream/C.S.Peirces5FamousTheMonistPapers/1.TheArchitectureOfTheories1891_djvu.txt

"The materialistic doctrine seems to me quite as repugnant to scientific logic as to common sense."

"The one intelligible theory of the universe is that of objective
idealism, that matter is effete mind, inveterate habits becoming
physical laws."

He is actually pretty close. Bergson some how was able to intuit it much better, having somehow been able to conceive of quantum behavior before it was actually discovered.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 02:38 #148945
Reply to Rich

Did I say Peirce was a materialist? Apparently you see that as the only alternative which doesn't surprise me.
Rich February 02, 2018 at 02:41 #148949
Reply to Janus It it's the second quote that counts.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 02:47 #148950
Reply to Rich

I've alteady agreed that Peirce thinks matter is effete mind. So that quote tells me nothing new. Just what he means by that is the issue in question.
Rich February 02, 2018 at 03:00 #148952
Reply to Janus

"Mind is First, Matter is Second, Evolution is Third."

"It would suppose that in the beginning, — infinitely
remote, — there was a chaos of unpersonalised feeling, which being
without connection or regularity would properly be without exist-
ence. This feeling, sporting here and there in pure arbitrariness,
would have started the germ of a generalising tendency. Its other
sportings would be evanescent, but this would have a growing virtue.
Thus, the tendency to habit would be started ; and from this with
the other principles of evolution all the regularities of the universe
would be evolved."

So close, but no cigar. Very Daoistic though.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 03:06 #148954
Reply to Rich

Still nothing about consciousness being fundamental.
Rich February 02, 2018 at 03:09 #148956
Reply to Janus Please. Give it a break already. I really find word games useless. I'm only interested in understanding the nature of nature. Mind is First. It evolves out of Feeling.

However, what he said about Materialism was precious. I must save that somewhere.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 04:24 #148968
Reply to Rich

Yeah right! :-}
bahman February 02, 2018 at 14:54 #149094
Quoting Janus

An indeterminable (note that in our exchange you changed this to "indeterminate" so let's stick to the original term for the sake of clarity) state is a state that cannot be determined.


An indeterminable state could be anything and it could lead to anything. An indeterminable state could be X, Y, Z etc and in that sense is indifferent.

Moreover, even if we accept that there is no problem in defining the state of C then we face with the question that how could we reach from C to B, through another indeterminable state and this is problematic.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 20:06 #149152
Reply to bahman

You seem to be missing the point. A determinable state is one which is restricted to some temporal duration. For example, say a prehistoric animal (a determinable state insofar as we define what that animal was like) is.trapped in silt, and millions of years later a fossil (a determinable state) is found. In between may be an indeterminable state the precise duration of which cannot even be determined.

The reason I used the term 'indeterminable' is to highlight that this is an epistemological, not an ontological, term. In actuality there may be no changeless states, the idea of a changeless state is an heuristic device, an epistemic facility.

The problem you are trying to assert is just a rehashing of Zeno's Paradox in different apparel.We don't know if nature is a continuum or truly quantum. If it is truly quantum then there would be, at the utmost micro level, changeless states of infinitesimal duration; but on the macro level there are no changeless states, but continual becoming.

Think of a film projector; is there anything in between the individual frames apart from blank film? Blank film is blank film, from the point of view of the film there is nothing determinable there, but it is nevertheless not nothing.
Wayfarer February 02, 2018 at 22:19 #149169
Quoting Janus
I've alteady agreed that Peirce thinks matter is effete mind. So that quote tells me nothing new. Just what he means by that is the issue in question.


I've mentioned this before, but it's worth having a read of The Intelligibility of Peirce's Metaphysics of Objective Idealism. Lays it out pretty well.
Janus February 02, 2018 at 22:31 #149172
Reply to Wayfarer

Thanks, will read.
Cavacava February 03, 2018 at 01:24 #149199
Reply to bahman

If you start with a determinate state (I would say concept not state but...) and negate it you get an indeterminable state (concept), and if you negate that you end up with another determinate state (concept) and all three are intimately related. (Hegel)