You are viewing the historical archive of The Philosophy Forum.
For current discussions, visit the live forum.
Go to live forum

Zeno of Elea's Philosophy

Agent Smith March 16, 2022 at 05:59 5125 views 54 comments
Zeno of Elea is a well know Parmenidean follower; he's the guy who caused much bewilderment among lay people and philosophers alike with his eponymous paradoxes. He was the Zen master before Zen even existed, merrily blowing people's minds gratis, giving 'em much-prized Zen moments.

One paradox that's going to matter is this one: I'm at the start of a racetrack 1 m long, I must reach the finish line. Before I get to 1 m, I must get to 0.5 m(half of 1), but before I get to 0.5 m, I must get to 0.25 m (half of half of 1), and so on :vomit: (ad nauseum).

Conclusion: I can't even begin my run, let alone finish it. I'm at the starting line and I'm stuck, I can make not an inch of progress.

Has philosophy made progress? Are all philosophers frozen at their respective starting positions?

Bertrand Russell is said to have remarked that philosophy is (only) about understanding the questions well, answering them comes later, much, much later, assuming it's even possible to do so.

Comments (54)

EugeneW March 16, 2022 at 06:15 #667755
Quoting Agent Smith
merrily blowing people's minds


He did some good blow jobs indeed. Indeed, philosophy seems stuck. Never able to bridge that last gap. On every arrival a new distance to cross appears. That's why all that's left to do is forget the question and just take a last non-philosophical leap of faith and the final answer will be uncontradictably self-evidently true.
lll March 16, 2022 at 06:30 #667757
Quoting Agent Smith
He was the Zen master before Zen even existed, merrily blowing people's minds gratis, giving 'em much-prized Zen moments.


Quoting EugeneW
He did some good blow jobs indeed.


That made me laugh. Thank you.
lll March 16, 2022 at 06:39 #667759
.Quoting Agent Smith
answering them comes later, much, much later, assuming it's even possible to do so.


Unless we understand the movements of our limbs as answers. Life throws us hungry into a mess. We enact beliefs all the time. Philosophy can change the beliefs we enact, the way we live.

Perhaps you think of obtaining consensus when suggesting the answers are far away or impossible? But why should consensus be authoritative? Or perhaps you invoke an ineradicable logical possibility of being wrong. Fair enough. But we have to act, and we move more in faith than in an exceptional and troubling state like doubt.
Agent Smith March 16, 2022 at 07:04 #667761
Quoting EugeneW
He did some good blow jobs indeed.


:rofl: Good one!

Quoting lll
Unless we understand the movements of our limbs as answers.


Solvitur ambulando.

Quoting lll
Life throws us hungry into a mess


Dust!

My question is, has philosophy made progress? It's a simple question. Dare I think it has a simple answer?
lll March 16, 2022 at 07:07 #667764
Quoting Agent Smith
My question is, has philosophy made progress? It's a simple question. Dare I think it has a simple answer?


Thou ought knot door such impiety, sewer ! For the gods are jealous of end-sores in the gobs of their sorry apes.

Yet progress, yes, I do incest on it.

Are infinite jest is poof!
lll March 16, 2022 at 07:15 #667766
Reply to Agent Smith

Could Zeno have intended to throw late on the smoke machine noun as lung-wrench? Maybe not the motion of legs but rather that of jaws was his target ? Alung whiff the senescent theophagy of grammar mistaken for the Obsolute ?
Agent Smith March 16, 2022 at 07:27 #667771
Reply to lll No clear-cut answer. I'll take that as a no, philosophy hasn't made even an iota of progress.

I like your style sir/madam, I hope there's substance too in there somewhere! :smile:
lll March 16, 2022 at 07:37 #667773
Reply to Agent Smith
Thanks for the kind words. My monikor is Whit Farder, and my pieces is mail.

I do try to encode actual substance within the playfulness. Above I suggested that our infinite jest is proof of the progress of philosophy. I can't speak for you (though your sense of humor suggests it), but I live (in my own eyes anyway) a much better life than I did when I was younger. Some individuals learn from philosophy, I say.

Of course the same old muddy ponds remain as stepping stones for new generations.
If you stare at a particular mud-aphysical pond and ignore the frogs, it looks like no progress. But take Wittgenstein, for instance. I think his later stuff is a break-through and even a kind of implicit apocalypse (one keeps going in 'his' direction beyond what he in his mortality could get around to, relaying 'his' brightening torch that he also got from others.) (So the torch is really a community possession, associated conveniently with prominently swift relay racers.)
Agent Smith March 16, 2022 at 07:41 #667775
Quoting lll
our infinite jest is proof of the progress of philosophy


You're on a roll, that's for sure. Does Democritus resonate with you at any level?

Wittgenstein: I like where he intends to take us, but I'm skeptical of his ability to do so! Bear with me: me, tenderfoot!

Good luck, good person!

lll March 16, 2022 at 07:46 #667779
Quoting Agent Smith
No clear-cut answer.


That 'is' the answer perhaps, if it's understood as an insight into the limitations of the smoke machine of language. The 'and of history' is something like a state of infinite jest that no longer needs a Foundation and is satisfied with a plurality of models. There's a book clawed Crownless Clowns that tickles this aria. It is merrily run among others. James Joyce tries the same thing in literature, to sanctify or appreciate the so-called 'ordinary.' He thought the exceptional was muck for journalists.
Agent Smith March 16, 2022 at 07:48 #667781
Reply to lll :up: I hope I'll be able to read that book, if luck doesn't dump me like the last time she did!
lll March 16, 2022 at 07:55 #667783
Quoting Agent Smith
Does Democritus resonate with you at any level?


Yeah, the laughing philosopher. Great dude.

Quoting Agent Smith
Wittgenstein: I like where he intends to take us, but I'm skeptical of his ability to do so! Bear with me: me, tenderfoot!


I do think W is great, but I also try to avoid the too-common off-putting my-big-hero-daddy thing that sometimes happens on forums. He is 'run among others' but ends up functioning as an abbreviation or avatar for the dissolution of metaphysics. I also like Derrida (who is tough to read and sometimes annoying) for similar reasons. Derrida will make grand statements, which can be charming or annoying depending on your mood. Wittgenstein is (perhaps you'll agree) sometimes even boring in his plodding understatedness. But then he'll pop a buddy in the month for forty none scents and 'give some good blow job' as @EugeneW might say.

Quoting Agent Smith
Good luck, good person!


Thank you, friend!

lll March 16, 2022 at 08:01 #667784
Quoting Agent Smith
I hope I'll be able to read that book, if luck doesn't dump me like the last time she did!


It's a good one. I'm sure there are others that are just as good, but I can vouch for that one. I like that two philosophers with very different styles are placed side-by-side so that they illuminate one another. (Hume is also brought in for a little playdate with the boys).
180 Proof March 16, 2022 at 08:20 #667792
Reply to Agent Smith Zeno wouldn't have made such a vexing, idiotic speculation had he read and groked Democritus. Anyway, Max Planck dispelled Zeno's "infinite divisibility" assumption once and for all. Science has provided physical grist for the metaphysical mill in many many instances.
Cuthbert March 16, 2022 at 09:08 #667806
Quoting lll
Alung whiff the senescent theophagy of grammar mistaken for the Obsolute ?


Are you James Joyce?

[quote=J J FW]And Gemellus then said to Camellus: Yes, your brother. Obsolutely.[/quote]
EugeneW March 16, 2022 at 09:14 #667808
Quoting 180 Proof
Zeno wouldn't have made such a vexing, idiotic speculation had he read and groked Democritus.


The paradox is applicable to atoms. The front hook of the hooked sphere has to cross half way first, than 1/4, then 1/8, etc. The conclusion it can never reach its goal is not true.

Quoting 180 Proof
Planck dispelled Zeno's "infinite divisibility" assumption once and for all.


Planck didn't do that.

Quoting 180 Proof
Science has provided physical grist for the metaphysical mill in many many instances


But not for the mill, i.e. us.
180 Proof March 16, 2022 at 21:03 #668036
Reply to EugeneW You're convincing me your vapidity is deliberate. :chin:
Kuro March 16, 2022 at 22:21 #668051
Quoting Agent Smith
Conclusion: I can't even begin my run, let alone finish it. I'm at the starting line and I'm stuck, I can make not an inch of progress.


Convergence in calculus is thought to have long solved this. But before that, the classical solution was the Aristotelian solution in the form of potential and actual infinity. Some would say that it's inadequate.

Also, you can alternatively reject mereological descent which is a prerequisite for the argument, in the form of space and time, but some would say that spawns worse problems (i.e. Ibn Sina's distance function argument) with regards to discrete geometry and the success of physics.
Agent Smith March 17, 2022 at 03:30 #668192
Quoting 180 Proof
Zeno wouldn't have made such a vexing, idiotic speculation had he read and groked Democritus. Anyway, Max Planck dispelled Zeno's "infinite divisibility" assumption once and for all. Science has provided physical grist for the metaphysical mill in many many instances.


Not everyone is sold on the calculus solutions to Zeno's paradoxes or so they tell me.

I like Zeno of Elea. I like paradoxes. I recommend them to you too You look like a guy who'd enjoy transcendence every now and then, paradoxes (contradictions) provide one of the best ways for the mind to catch a glimpse of the next level of reality (beyond-mind).
180 Proof March 17, 2022 at 05:31 #668213
Reply to Agent Smith Paradoxes are semantic or conceptual illusions generated by inadequate, or faulty, premises. Zeno's faulty premise is that the physical world is 'infinitely divisible', which atomists (of his day) conceptually and quantum physicists (over twenty-two centuries after him) experimentally have demonstrated is not the case. Poof, no paradox – we know how Zeno's magic "arrow" trick is done. :sparkle:
lll March 17, 2022 at 05:34 #668214
Quoting Cuthbert
Are you James Joyce?


I'm reading him, and I took 'obsolute' from the buttockbefriending bard, as the brick fit perfectly wall in the whole I was building, abbreviating an up-so-late we-solute.
Agent Smith March 17, 2022 at 07:04 #668237
Quoting 180 Proof
Paradoxes are semantic or conceptual illusions generated by inadequate, or faulty, premises. Zeno's faulty premise is that the physical world is 'infinitely divisible', which atomists (of his day) conceptually and quantum physicists (over twenty-two centuries after him) experimentally have demonstrated is not the case. Poof, no paradox – we know how Zeno's magic "arrow" trick is done. :sparkle:


I'm a bit unsettled by your confidence on the matter! Is it wise to be so cocksure? I thought skepticism was good for the soul (Orcale of Delphi: Surety, then ruin).

Anyway, your proposed solution to Zeno's paradox (infinitely divisibility of space has to be rejected) is fine by me.
180 Proof March 17, 2022 at 08:16 #668251
Reply to Agent Smith Doubt, like belief or disbelief, requires grounds.
Cuthbert March 17, 2022 at 09:08 #668265
Quoting 180 Proof
Planck dispelled Zeno's "infinite divisibility" assumption once and for all.


Zeno proposed four different paradoxes, permuting the possibilities: Time / Space vs Continuous / Discrete. He showed that he can create a paradox for each of the four cases.

https://www3.nd.edu/~jspeaks/courses/2011-12/20229/handouts/3%20Zeno.pdf
Cuthbert March 17, 2022 at 10:16 #668281
Quoting lll
up-so-late we-solute


A worthy tribloom to shame's choice which must even diddle us.
Agent Smith March 17, 2022 at 10:17 #668282
Quoting 180 Proof
Doubt, like belief or disbelief, requires grounds.


There are good reasons to doubt, metaphysical reasons (necessity and possibility): appearance vs. reality. Buddha (maya), Plato (the allegory of the cave), Descartes (deus deceptor), basically some strain of skepticism.

Nevertheless you make an excellent point! Like certainty, doubt too needs justification.
EugeneW March 17, 2022 at 19:39 #668483
Zeno made one big mistake. He thought the spacetime continuum could be broken up in parts. Just try break up time in pieces. Or space. It's hard.
Cuthbert March 17, 2022 at 23:41 #668577
Quoting EugeneW
Zeno made one big mistake. He thought the spacetime continuum could be broken up in parts. Just try break up time in pieces. Or space. It's hard


He assumed time and space were discrete and have minimal 'parts' which cannot be broken up any smaller. He also assumed they are continuous and are infinitely divisible. Further, he assumed that time might be discrete and space might be continuous - and vice-versa. That is why he needed four different paradoxes, not just one.
lll March 18, 2022 at 01:13 #668605
Quoting Cuthbert
A worthy tribloom to shame's choice which must even diddle us.


Whale sud, front ! Drink you for not asking me to spore you my hypnopontificatory solemnitease ! I was afraid I'd be asked to stop spanking my nine scents.
ssu March 18, 2022 at 22:23 #669068
If there's one book in history I'd want to be discovered, it would be Zeno's book. If I recall correctly from Parmenides, the book had been stolen.

A book by a genuine supporter of the Eleatic school, not those who were against it (even if respectable, as Platon was in Parmenides). And the interesting bit would be the paradoxes, that Zeno had described, but have now been lost to history.
Agent Smith March 20, 2022 at 12:37 #669943
We all have to start somewhere, we then (try to) move forward, and we (apparently) do. Then, in the life of every philosopher, comes the time when you get stuck or find yourself in a cul-de-sac. You want to go forward of course, it isn't possible however. So, you do what most of (would) do, make a U-turn and head back towards where you started. Along the way, you see a side-road. You have a choice now. What do you do? Perhaps the dead end you returned from was the truth, the destination, the end point of your logical journey.

Wanna see something really crazy?

[quote=Sherlock Holmes]A good cyclist does not need a high road.[/quote]
EugeneW March 20, 2022 at 13:12 #669961
Reply to Agent Smith

But still. Time can't be stopped and space can't be cut. How can spacetime intervals exist?
Agent Smith March 20, 2022 at 13:19 #669963
Quoting EugeneW
But still. Time can't be stopped and space can't be cut. How can spacetime intervals exist?


Time can't be stopped, yup. Time, in physics, is defined with clocks in mind. Smash all the clocks, stop playing the drums, digitalize your heart and let it go thump-thumpity-thump-thump, and Chronos will die (a noble death).

Space can't be cut, true. We can bend it though, when you bend too much, you undergo mitosis.

I'm trying something. :smile:

EugeneW March 20, 2022 at 13:49 #669974
Quoting Agent Smith
I'm trying something.


Good try! Will time still exist if we ban all clocky things, including mind clocks and hyperclocking? :chin:

EugeneW March 20, 2022 at 13:52 #669975
Sherlock Holmes:A good cyclist does not need a high road.


Why didn't we evolve into wheel-rolling creatures?
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 22:06 #670745
Quoting EugeneW
Zeno made one big mistake. He thought the spacetime continuum could be broken up in parts. Just try break up time in pieces. Or space. It's hard.


His opponents thought that. He thought the world was one metaphysical thing, like Spinoza
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 22:08 #670746
There is also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melissus_of_Samos
EugeneW March 21, 2022 at 22:12 #670750
Reply to Gregory

Ah yes! Thanx for the link. Indeed I read about an indestructible indivisible reality (I dont agree with changeless). So they argued from contra, so to speak?
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 22:13 #670753
Quoting EugeneW
Time can't be stopped and space can't be cut. How can spacetime intervals exist?


According to modern physics, motion is relative, not absolute. See:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR1lU6DmLy6m9a1IBbs2NKx5XBaUIaBkcjQ984b_s_4O23ZX31OGYn7uAB0&v=a205YJsbBSQ&feature=youtu.be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?fbclid=IwAR0L0G064ucS76BpWhJd2rchmww1f64bu5CNooLkdBOKDB3Jk2VXvr-8_08&v=FdWMM6aXpYE&feature=youtu.be

But how can I not know the string goes around the marble if I move it around a marble? It's very tricky, but they say it's about B-time and the unified nature of the world, something both Zeno and Spinoza were getting at
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 22:15 #670755
Quoting EugeneW
Indeed I read about an indestructible indivisible reality (I dont agree with changeless). So they argued from contra, so to speak?


Zeno said that the world can't be infinite yet it's infinitly divisible, and it can be finite because the division of nature goes on forever. String theory and quantum loop gravity speculate about discrete pieces of space, which would solve Zeno's paradox. The conflict between general relativity with it's singularities and quantum mechanics has partially to do with this question
EugeneW March 21, 2022 at 22:34 #670767
Reply to Gregory

Observations on arrival times of distant star photons show that space is not quantified (different wavelengths show no different arrival times, which would be the case if space is quantified). How could it? What determines when the Planck time is over? If everything is frozen for a Planck time, how can it continue? I think measurable time, like distance, is limited. If spacetime is quantified, how can a particle move from A to B in the first place? Which is not to say that the metric can't be quantified, like in quantum gravity, by gravitons informing it (explaining how spacetime gets its curvature, which general relativity doesn't explain)
EugeneW March 21, 2022 at 22:36 #670770
Quoting Gregory
Zeno said that the world can't be infinite yet it's infinitly divisible,


Didn't the Eleatic philosophers thought space is undivisible (in the link)?
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 23:00 #670779
Quoting EugeneW
Didn't the Eleatic philosophers thought space is undivisible (in the link)?


Yes. Zeno, Parmenides, and Mellisus thought the world one unity, one form
Gregory March 21, 2022 at 23:03 #670782
Quoting EugeneW
If spacetime is quantified, how can a particle move from A to B in the first place?


Quantified means discrete, right? If there is a series of discrete spaces with the spaces between them being meaningless then motion is getting stepping accross the path. But if space is infinitely divisible, then we have a distance that is finite from one point of view and infinite from another point of view. They say calculus solves this, but math has never been my strong suit
EugeneW March 22, 2022 at 06:30 #670968
Quoting Gregory
. But if space is infinitely divisible, then we have a distance that is finite from one point of view and infinite from another point of view


An observer moving relative tò you sees your space contracted,. Space doesn't seem infinite to some.
Agent Smith March 22, 2022 at 06:32 #670970
Quoting EugeneW
Why didn't we evolve into wheel-rolling creatures?


:lol: Sabrá Mandrake!
EugeneW March 22, 2022 at 06:45 #670975
Reply to Gregory

How do you envision discrete space? Say a discrete 2d one.
Gregory March 22, 2022 at 22:46 #671397
Reply to EugeneW

As one that self loops and so stays finite. Something discrete is an infinitesimal. It infinitely gets close to zero but never reaches it. Whether this solves or merely repeats Zeno's paradox has not be settled in science
EugeneW March 22, 2022 at 22:50 #671399
Reply to Gregory

What you mean by self loops? How does a particle move in it?
EugeneW March 22, 2022 at 22:51 #671400
Quoting Gregory
Whether this solves or merely repeats Zeno's paradox has not be settled in science


Aint the paradox resolved in science?
Gregory March 22, 2022 at 23:22 #671409
Reply to EugeneW

The theory of loop quantum gravity, along with string theory, propose that matter is not infinitely divisible but they could be wrong. I'm not a mathematician so there's only so much I know about this. Those theories want to reconcile general relativity and quantum mechanics in favor of quantum mechanics where there are discrete quanta instead of singularities
EugeneW March 22, 2022 at 23:52 #671415
Reply to Gregory

I don't think string theory quantizes gravity by quantizing space and time. Spacetime is treated classically and is treated as flat. That's called background dependent. Gravitons move in this flat space. Loop QG quantizes spacetime itself. It's kind of difficult to perceive a quantized space. That's why I asked for 2d. Or 1d even. A quantized 3d space isn't made up of small 3d cubes (or 2d squares). In LQG you often see interlocked loops but that's not how to look at it either. How can discrete time know when to move on one Planck time?
Gregory March 23, 2022 at 02:00 #671480
Reply to EugeneW

Michio Kaku says strings are one dimensional yet discrete. There is no easy way out of these issues without advanced math
EugeneW March 23, 2022 at 02:05 #671484
Quoting Gregory
Michio Kaku says strings are one dimensional yet discrete. There is no easy way out of these issues without advanced math


He means that strings are just the same as discrete 0d particles. But 1d. Small line pieces. Ridiculous. Particles are made from 6d space of which 3 large dimensions are curled up to Planck-sized circles, an Cartesian product S1xS1xS1.