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Moral agency and passing judgment

jorndoe October 05, 2021 at 23:35 4250 views 15 comments
During a discussion about Pascal's wager elsewhere:

Feel free to replace the Quran with whatever else applicable:

1. if you're incapable of passing moral judgment on the Quran, then you're not an autonomous moral agent
2. if you can pass moral judgment on the Quran, then the Quran cannot be the definition of morals
3. therefore, you're not an autonomous moral agent, or the Quran cannot be the definition of morals


I guess the antecedents of 1 and 2 are supposed to be (more or less) mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive. So, (at least) one of the consequents would hold. 3 does hold some intuitive appeal. Trying to think of (realistic) counter-examples. Maybe someone could be an autonomous moral agent, yet, for some reason, incapable of passing moral judgment on the Quran? Anyway, I wasn't really interested in tedious semantics, more the argument, possible counter-examples, ...

By the way, the wager isn't that good an argument. Some version of the argument above could perhaps work in some other capacity, don't know. Maybe divine command theory or theological voluntarism ... What say you?

Comments (15)

jorndoe October 05, 2021 at 23:51 #604278
Oh, 1, 2, 3 isn't on the usual modus ponens form, please take your syllogism-hat off.
frank October 06, 2021 at 22:19 #604575
Reply to jorndoe

What does it mean to pass moral judgement on the Koran? That kind of judgment is for human actions, not books, right?
Heiko October 06, 2021 at 22:36 #604584
Reply to jorndoe I do not see how books full of contradictions could be subject of a logical analysis.The result of reciprocity simply has to be that the assumption it was the ultimate codex would lead to the conclusion, that it is not.
Hence (2) does not seem to hold.
Tom Storm October 06, 2021 at 23:42 #604616
Quoting frank
What does it mean to pass moral judgement on the Koran? That kind of judgment is for human actions, not books, right?


Would it mean to identify stories/examples/lessons and commandments in the book which seem morally questionable?
Srap Tasmaner October 07, 2021 at 00:41 #604636
Reply to jorndoe

It's junk. I'll rephrase a bit to show how I understand it:

The Thing = some specific external source of a particular sort of judgment

  • (1) If you rely on The Thing for a particular sort of judgment, then you don't make such judgments for yourself.


No problem. Seems straightforward.

  • (2) If you don't rely on The Thing for a particular sort of judgment, then The Thing is not relied on by you for such judgments.


Seriously, (2) isn't saying anything at all.

  • Therfore,(3) Either you don't make a certain kind of judgment for yourself, or The Thing is not relied on by you for such judgments.


Well, yeah. This is actually an exclusive or, but it's all so weak, I think we can cheat a little and recast it as a conditional:

  • Therfore,(3') If you make a certain kind of judgment for yourself, then The Thing is not relied on by you for such judgments.


Where have we seen that before? Oh yeah, it's just the contrapositive of (1).

It's junk. It takes something true pretty much by definition and tendentiously rephrases it a couple times and then presents it again so it looks like a startling conclusion. It's junk.
T Clark October 07, 2021 at 02:38 #604673
if you're incapable of passing moral judgment on the Quran, then you're not an autonomous moral agent


An "autonomous moral agent" is someone who takes responsibility for their own actions. Passing moral judgement on anyone or anything is not the action of an autonomous moral agent. In a sense, it's the opposite. It's an attempt to control the actions of others.

Given that, the rest of your argument is falls apart.
TheMadFool October 07, 2021 at 09:58 #604753
Quoting jorndoe
1. if you're incapable of passing moral judgment on the Quran, then you're not an autonomous moral agent
2. if you can pass moral judgment on the Quran, then the Quran cannot be the definition of morals
3. therefore, you're not an autonomous moral agent, or the Quran cannot be the definition of morals


Proposition 2 is not necessarily true. What if your (autonomous moral agent) moral judgments are exactly congruent (letter for letter, word for word) with the Quran? I believe this - two people arriving at the same conclusion - happens quite often, not as often as we'd like but it does happen.

Nevertheless, there's something, how shall I put it?, unfree, restrictive, coercive, forced about convergence of all kinds, including, in our case, the concordance of moral truths. It's as if we don't have a choice. Remember that freedom can be viewed as an ability to diverge given a decision node consisting of multiple choices.
jorndoe October 08, 2021 at 18:01 #605189
Reply to frank, the 10 commandments in the Bible may be the best known example (in the West).
Most people can evaluate those.
I suppose, in a way, the Adam + Eve + Serpent + Fruit and Abraham + Isaac + Sacrifice stories could suggest abandonment of autonomous moral agency (to adherents), though it depends on how they're read — ambiguities, another can of worms.


Reply to Tom Storm (y)
By the way, there's more to say about (programmable) rule-following, eisegesis, and such, which seems relevant to divine command theory and theological voluntarism.


Reply to Heiko, well, yes, contradictions are explosive, if that's what you mean.
All bets are off, a whole other can of worms. :meh:


Reply to Srap Tasmaner, you mean it's all redundant confuzzlement, that could just be put into one statement and be done with? :)
But, hey, arguments are so en vogue these days.


Reply to T Clark, I suppose there are semantics involved here.
We might say that, in principle, autonomous moral agency is a prerequisite for (would-be) autonomous actors.
In analogy, we don't allow hazards to roam free in kindergartens either.

User image

Maybe autonomous moral agency can be thought of as a kind of know-how?
Except, under normal circumstances, we tend to assume other people can figure out the right thing to do by default, absent whatever concerns of course.
(By the way, it's not so much my argument, as it just seems intuitive to me.)


Reply to TheMadFool, right, yes, coincidental congruence, ...
A bit technical, though. :)
But 2 could fail on that.

T Clark October 08, 2021 at 18:05 #605191
Quoting jorndoe
We might say that, in principle, autonomous moral agency is a prerequisite for (would-be) autonomous actors.


It comes down to this - Judging the morality of other people or beliefs is not an autonomous moral action. Morals have to do with how you live your life, not how other people live theirs.
jorndoe October 08, 2021 at 18:33 #605195
Hmm... Reply to T Clark, if someone were to say
"you must severely spank your kids every day, or they'll turn into immoral losers, and, besides, they probably did something wrong anyway"
then I'm thinking most would say that's not the right thing to do, i.e. passing judgment, a bad starting point.
I don't think you'll find that in the Quran (or the Bible, Vedas, Avesta), it's just an example.

T Clark October 08, 2021 at 19:10 #605204
Quoting jorndoe
if someone were to say
"you must severely spank your kids every day, or they'll turn into immoral losers, and, besides, they probably did something wrong anyway"
then I'm thinking most would say that's not the right thing to do, i.e. passing judgment, a bad starting point.


I believe we should protect vulnerable people. Child abuse hurts children. I have a moral obligation to try to stop child abuse if I can. If I gather together with like-minded people, we can pass laws that protect children. That is not a negative judgement on immoral behavior, it is positive acceptance of a moral obligation.

Tom Storm October 08, 2021 at 22:33 #605226
Quoting T Clark
It comes down to this - Judging the morality of other people or beliefs is not an autonomous moral action. Morals have to do with how you live your life, not how other people live theirs.


My issue with this is that people with religious morality often seek to change laws and behaviour of others - presumably to please God. We don't just have to consider the Taliban or the Wahhabi Saudis in this enterprise, there are Western Christians working to turn the clock back on science education, gay rights, women's rights, capital punishment, euthanasia - what have you.
T Clark October 08, 2021 at 22:59 #605229
Quoting Tom Storm
My issue with this is that people with religious morality often seek to change laws and behaviour of others - presumably to please God. We don't just have to consider the Taliban or the Wahhabi Saudis in this enterprise, there are Western Christians working to turn the clock back on science education, gay rights, women's rights, capital punishment, euthanasia - what have you.


I think you and I are talking about different things. I'm talking about what moral agency means to me. It has to do with my obligation to behave in moral way. By "moral" I mean consistent with my values. There is no room for moral judgement of others in this.

You're talking how some people judge and try to control other's behavior based on their moral understanding, either religious or not.
Tom Storm October 08, 2021 at 23:24 #605235
TheMadFool October 09, 2021 at 03:31 #605267
Quoting jorndoe
right, yes, coincidental congruence, ...
A bit technical, though. :)
But 2 could fail on that.


Coincidence?! :chin:

That messes things up doesn't it? No good reason why we all arrived at the same conclusion in re moral codes - it was just a fluke!

Just a fluke? :point: Synchronicity

In Eastern philosophy causality incorporates chance.



[quote=Master Oogway]There are no accidents.[/quote]