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Before the big bang?

scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 11:20 8075 views 50 comments
Note: this may be more suited for Philosophy of religion as opposed to Phylosophy of science. however I don't see that it matters much.

Many modern theists (Christians especially) will argue that, instead of the creation story, God created the big bang, however, as Professor Stephen Hawking explained, time is relative and only started with the big bang. This would mean there was no time for a God to exist in to start the big bang.
One argument I have heard from @Franz Liszt is that God exists outside of time, however for that to be the case, a God would have to be outside of the whole universe, which seems scientifically impossible given that nothing is outside of the universe by definition.
Lets say, for arguments sake, that that is not impossible, outside the universe would thus be where time never began. Surely he/she would then be unable to observe this universe or 'answer prayers'.

Would someone tell me how religious people explain this without defying physics.

Comments (50)

Tom Storm March 06, 2021 at 11:36 #506515
Many religious people (Christians especially) don't accept the big bang.

Big bang cosmology can be described to fit any version of God and visa versa. Since God, as a fictional character, can be said to be omnipotent and is generally described as the creator of the laws of physics then God can do whatever it wants.
TheMadMan March 06, 2021 at 11:44 #506516
If God exists outside of time then he cannot create anything at a certain time. If God created Big Bang then he did it at a specific time, this specific time (Big Bang) could have happened at any time in relation to God but if god is timeless then the Big Bang has never happened or it has always happened.

If God is outside of time then the moment the universe was created at that same moment the end was also created and everything in between. And how does this short time, billions of years, relate to a timeless God?

Another viewpoint: If God created Big Bang at a certain point it means that God made a choice, the choice was, to create it (obviously) . And choice means confusion, uncertainty, you cannot choose something 100% because that would no longer be a choice. This makes God human-like-minded and it indicates that God exists in time.

So:
1. God is timeless. which means He could not have created the Universe at a certain point which means that Universe existed (not necessarily this universe) always with God, which means Universe is also timeless.
2. God exists in time. Which means the Big Bang happened at a certain point. Which also raises the question who/what created God, for everything that exists in time was created and will be destroyed in time. That makes Him very human-like, as most people imagine Him, especially in the old days.
180 Proof March 06, 2021 at 12:18 #506529
Quoting 180 Proof
Given that all extant cosmological evidence indicates that it had a planck radius at "the beginning", the universe is a very-far-from-equilibrium "macroscale" effect of a primordial "microscale uncaused event" (i.e. quantum fluctuation), and therefore not a(n act of) "creation".

Quoting 180 Proof
... my understanding is that the BB was a planck-scale event, therefore acausal; or, in other words, the initial conditions of the universe were randomly set [ ... ] As an explanation, saying 'g/G caused it' is indistinguishable from saying it randomly occurred ...

Oldies but goodies – that's my story and I'm sticking
to it. :smirk:

Quoting scientia de summis
Would someone tell me how religious people explain this without defying physics.

They don't because they can't. Creationism (or "Intelligent Design") are just woo-of-the-gaps / appeals to ignorance fairytales religious theists like to tell themselves to help them sleep with the lights off on stormy nights.
scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 12:22 #506530
Quoting 180 Proof
They don't because they can't. Creationism (or "Intelligent Design") are just woo-of-the-gaps / appeals to ignorance fairytales religious theists like to tell themselves to help them sleep with lights off on stormy nights.


Thank you, this is exactly what I thought and very helpful!
frank March 06, 2021 at 12:26 #506531
Quoting scientia de summis
Would someone tell me how religious people explain this without defying physics.


Typically they claim that God is beyond our comprehension.

scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 12:28 #506532
Ok thank you @frank
180 Proof March 06, 2021 at 13:07 #506536
... God is beyond our comprehension.

Yep, g/G is a mystery (i.e. inexplicable).

The answer to the question of origin of the universe is "Mystery created it" or "Mystery caused it" or "Mystery did it", which only begs the question and does not answer it.

Either (i) religious theists don't know that they don't know or (ii) they know they don't know and just bullshit themselves and us with "Mystery did it", etc.
TheMadFool March 06, 2021 at 13:21 #506542
Reply to 180 Proof Explain something to me. I'm a bit worried about myself, seriously, because I've never had the experience that seems to lie at the foundation of theism viz. that desire, even desperation, to need an explanation for the universe. In short, the question, "why all this?" never crossed my mind. Is there something wrong with me?
frank March 06, 2021 at 13:25 #506546
Quoting 180 Proof
Either (i) religious theists don't know that they don't know or (ii) they know they don't know and just bullshit themselves and us with "Mystery did it", etc.


I guess. First Amendment protects their bullshit, though. The Big Bang is also presently a mystery.
scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 13:30 #506547
Reply to TheMadFool
I know I'm not who you're asking, but if you don't mind, I would like to answer.
I personally would say:
NO! There is absolutely nothing wrong with you!

Two types of people are-
1. Curious people who always want to know the answer to everything. These tend to be academics and scientists-I am one of these people.
2. People who...let me put this bluntly...just couldn't care. These people, tend to be more creative, but by no means always.

I don't know if you are either of these people or completely different from both, but there is absolutely nothing wrong with you in any case!

Would you describe yourself more as academic or creative?
scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 13:31 #506548
Reply to frank
I wouldn't say a mystery, so much as not all clear. We know much about most aspects of the big bang, we just don't know the details.
TheMadFool March 06, 2021 at 13:35 #506550
The simple answer to what was "before the Big Bang?" is "we don't know."

To answer your question though, I refer you to Pierre-Simon Laplace's reply to Napoleon's query, and I'm paraphrasing here, "where is god in all this?" which was, "I had no need for that hypothesis." The message is clear - God is not necessary for science. This may at first give us the impression that religion and science are at odds with each other but surprisingly no, this ain't so for God being unnecessary doesn't imply that God is inconsistent with science; in other words there's enough room in science for one more albeit unnecessary hypothesis viz. God. To sum up, God, as an aspect of our reality, doesn't break physics.
frank March 06, 2021 at 13:41 #506552
Quoting scientia de summis
I wouldn't say a mystery, so much as not all clear. We know much about most aspects of the big bang, we just don't know the details.


I'm not a physicist, but I understand that quantum theory doesn't work in the Big Bang.

That's not a detail.
TheMadFool March 06, 2021 at 13:46 #506554
Quoting scientia de summis
Would you describe yourself more as academic or creative?


I don't know how to answer that question without being dishonest. Anyway, I describe myself as fairly curious but not to the point of being the cat that curiosity bumped off. Also, I've gone through university but wouldn't characterize myself as an academic.

What bothers me is that the thirst for explanations seems to be rather ancient, traceable back to prehistorical periods even and yet here I am in the 21st century devoid of any such feelings.
scientia de summis March 06, 2021 at 14:16 #506565
Then I would say that there is definitely nothing wrong with you, you're just perhaps...uncommon, and believe me, that is nothing but good! I say uncommon as opposed to unusual as there are definitely others who feel the same.
Dharmi March 06, 2021 at 21:33 #506788
Reply to scientia de summis

I'll answer without using a religious response. I'll preface this by saying, though I'm religious, I don't believe God "created" anything.

Now, the response is this:

Dr. Roger Penrose and many other physicists while admitting that "time" in our conception didn't exist prior to the Big Bang, it is possible still to talk about a "before" the Big Bang. Even though our precise conception of what that means breaks down the further back we go.

So that's a secular response to the problem, that could theoretically be used. However, Christians probably don't want to use this because his model of the Universe is an eternal cyclic model. LOL And that contradicts Biblical Cosmology. But that's one way the problem could be addressed. Could be.
EnPassant March 15, 2021 at 21:51 #510738
The universe exists within God. Physical (space)time is a physical object just like a chair or table except it has an extra dimension. 'Before time' is not important. What is important is the fact that time is a property of existence.
Banno March 15, 2021 at 22:01 #510745
Amusing, how those who believe in god chime in to provide examples of Quoting 180 Proof
woo-of-the-gaps


Outlander March 15, 2021 at 22:06 #510747
Quoting scientia de summis
Would someone tell me how religious people explain this without defying physics.


Sure, if they could. But they can't. That's why they're religious. Your ancestors were the same of other scientific reactions and happenings they couldn't explain. How far you've come. Or perhaps.. you've reached the arrogance and devaluation of the mystery (ergo joy) of life they hoped for you to avoid. Congratulations.
Tom Storm March 15, 2021 at 22:06 #510748
Quoting Dharmi
And that contradicts Biblical Cosmology.


True. But all the Christians I know see the Bible as allegory.
Tom Storm March 15, 2021 at 22:07 #510749
Quoting TheMadFool
I'm a bit worried about myself, seriously, because I've never had the experience that seems to lie at the foundation of theism viz. that desire, even desperation, to need an explanation for the universe. In short, the question, "why all this?" never crossed my mind. Is there something wrong with me?


No. I share that too. I really don't care.
Wayfarer March 15, 2021 at 22:08 #510750
Quoting Tom Storm
Many religious people (Christians especially) don't accept the big bang.


You know the originator of the big bang theory was a Jesuit, George Lemaître, right? Here's an interesting snippet from his Wikipedia entry:

By 1951, Pope Pius XII declared that Lemaître's theory provided a scientific validation for Catholicism.[34] However, Lemaître resented the Pope's proclamation, stating that the theory was neutral and there was neither a connection nor a contradiction between his religion and his theory.[35] [36][16] Lemaître and Daniel O'Connell, the Pope's scientific advisor, persuaded the Pope not to mention Creationism publicly, and to stop making proclamations about cosmology.[37] Lemaître was a devout Catholic, but opposed mixing science with religion,[37] although he held that the two fields were not in conflict.[38]
Wayfarer March 15, 2021 at 22:09 #510752
Quoting scientia de summis
One argument I have heard from Franz Liszt is that God exists outside of time, however for that to be the case, a God would have to be outside of the whole universe, which seems scientifically impossible given that nothing is outside of the universe by definition.


Where is the number 7 located?
Banno March 15, 2021 at 22:10 #510754
Reply to Wayfarer Quite right; god is a figment of human ingenuity, just like numbers.
Tom Storm March 15, 2021 at 22:11 #510755
Quoting scientia de summis
God would have to be outside of the whole universe, which seems scientifically impossible given that nothing is outside of the universe by definition.


Doesn't God defy the laws of physics and can do what it pleases? I never quite get that God can be limited by the impossible.
Wayfarer March 15, 2021 at 22:22 #510760
God does not exist - Pierre Whalon, Bishop in charge, Episcopal Churches in Europe.

Reply to Banno 'God made the integers, all else is the work of man' ~ Leopold Kronecker, mathematician.
Tom Storm March 15, 2021 at 22:31 #510765
Quoting Wayfarer
Pierre Whalon, Bishop in charge, Episcopal Churches in Europe.


You know what they say about Episcopals? It's the bland leading the bland....

Wayfarer March 15, 2021 at 22:36 #510767
Reply to Tom Storm It (or Anglicanism, in my part of the world) was the religion I left, although I'm sure it left more of an imprint than I would like to admit. Still, Whalon's essay makes a point highly relevant to the OP.
BC March 15, 2021 at 23:06 #510773
Quoting frank
Typically they claim that God is beyond our comprehension.


Reply to scientia de summis One approach to God is to present the deity in altogether familiar, knowable terms. The opposite approach is to define God as unfathomable, incomprehensible, unknowable.

I hold that man created the gods, not the other way around, and defined the gods in various ways. The most problematic approach is to define God as unknowable, then to go on and explain why and how God does this, that, and everything else. It becomes nonsensical. I was raised to believe that God is omnipotent, omniscience, and omnipresent. Fine, except that we have no idea what "being everywhere in all time, past and future" would / could mean. Ditto for God's other omni-features.

If God is a mystery, then shut about it.

Back in my religious days, I had no problem thinking that God caused the Big Bang. I never believed in the 6 day creation presented in Genesis. My then religious conception of God was that he was outside of time and space--he had to be, since he created the cosmos--God was before the beginning, At the same time, he inhabits his creation. Science accounts for the God's methods. Big Bang, evolution, pandemics, supernovae, etc.

That was my solution before I threw out the whole religious framework. Things are clearer now. There was a big bang which is still expanding, we are here on this minor celestial ball, and our prospects are partly-cloudy to dim.
180 Proof March 15, 2021 at 23:13 #510778
Reply to Banno :smirk:
Banno March 16, 2021 at 03:43 #510858
Reply to Wayfarer At best God made stuff for us to count. The counting is our own doing.
Wayfarer March 16, 2021 at 04:10 #510863
Reply to Banno Maths is predictive, though. It enables not only counting, but discovery of things otherwise unknowable. Much of modern science is an illustation of just that, as pointed out by Eugene Wigner in his influential essay Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences.

Anyway, the point I was making was in response to the rhetorical question 'what could be "outside" of the Universe, as the Universe is by definition everything'. The OP falls into the trap of believing that whatever is real must be spatially located. So I was making the rhetorical counterpoint that such things as conceptual or abstract objects such as number are not located anywhere, they're not 'in' the Universe, either.
Banno March 16, 2021 at 04:16 #510866
Reply to Wayfarer We come up with a way of describing the world and Eugene Wigner complains that describing the world seems unreasonable... It just seems a bit churlish.

Wayfarer March 16, 2021 at 04:17 #510867
Reply to Banno perhaps he understands something we don't. He did after all win the Nobel Prize for atomic physics.
Banno March 16, 2021 at 06:08 #510881
Reply to Wayfarer Meh. Bob Dylan got one fo them Nobel things, for writing "How many times?"

And Obama got one for being elected.

Now I don't hold with that Platonic Forms stuff, but it's a good topic. Care to start a thread on the article? Have you a link?

Your rejection of the assumption in the OP looks quite right. Although I'm not sure numbers are real - except for real numbers.
Wayfarer March 16, 2021 at 06:30 #510883
Quoting Banno
Now I don't hold with that Platonic Forms stuff, but it's a good topic. Care to start a thread on the article? Have you a link?


I do, as a matter of fact. I’ve even started the draft. Tomorrow.
Banno March 16, 2021 at 07:17 #510888
Tomorrow.
Wayfarer March 16, 2021 at 08:11 #510898
No promises.
180 Proof March 16, 2021 at 15:48 #511033
Quoting Banno
Although I'm not sure numbers are real - except for real numbers.

:smirk:
synthesis March 16, 2021 at 21:51 #511174
Quoting scientia de summis
One argument I have heard from Franz Liszt is that God exists outside of time, however for that to be the case, a God would have to be outside of the whole universe, which seems scientifically impossible given that nothing is outside of the universe by definition.


In order to understand what is being said, consider the notion that is science that does not exist (in any real way). When you brush this abstraction aside, then all things become possible.

counterpunch March 18, 2021 at 04:50 #511710
My intuition suggests intuition is useless, because time as I experience it, is not what time actually is. Time is very strange. We can observe time dilation for fast-moving objects, and gravitational time dilation for objects caught in extreme gravitational fields. We then ask about the age of the universe! Even cross referencing stellar evolution, the cosmic microwave background and expansion - only gives us a relative measure of the age of the universe; relative to how time passes for us! But does time pass at the same rate for other objects in the universe? It seems unlikely to me, that the universe is of a uniform age! Consequently, I imagine, that if you could build a time machine, and travel back in time toward the big bang, you'd never get there. It would be like approaching the speed of light - only you'd get slower and slower, like a clock falling into a black hole!




Olivier5 March 18, 2021 at 12:55 #511820
Quoting Wayfarer
Where is the number 7 located?


It's usually placed between 6 and 8. :razz:
Heracloitus March 18, 2021 at 13:00 #511823
Reply to Olivier5 on the numberline, yes. Where is the numberline located?
Olivier5 March 18, 2021 at 13:36 #511841
Quoting emancipate
Where is the numberline located?


I seem to have one on top of my keyboard. :-)
3017amen March 18, 2021 at 15:12 #511873
Reply to 180 Proof Quoting 180 Proof
The answer to the question of origin of the universe is "Mystery created it" or "Mystery caused it" or "Mystery did it", which only begs the question and does not answer it.

Either (i) religious theists don't know that they don't know or (ii) they know they don't know and just bullshit themselves and us with "Mystery did it", etc.


How is that different than other existential mysteries of the universe, including your own conscious existence?
180 Proof March 18, 2021 at 15:33 #511879
Reply to 3017amen I had no idea that conscious experience is a "mystery" like g/G.
3017amen March 18, 2021 at 15:36 #511884
Reply to 180 Proof

Consider yourself enlightened then. LOL There remains mystery (?).
3017amen March 18, 2021 at 15:44 #511885
Reply to scientia de summis

Have you given any thought to relativity (speed of light) and the existence of a theoretical eternity/outside of time itself?
TheMadFool March 18, 2021 at 15:52 #511889
The Big Bang is the best theory we have of our universe's origin and the equations we use to study it are only good to about some billionths of a second after the actual Big Bang, beyond that, I'm told, the equations break down. When that happens, all bets are off, and the only thing we can do is to continue gathering data and hope that somewhere in there will be found the critical piece of evidence that can help solve this mystery.
Becky March 20, 2021 at 12:41 #512559
“ The Big Bang is the best theory we have of our universe's origin and the equations we use to study it are only good to about some billionths of a second after the actual Big Bang, beyond that, I'm told, the equations break down”. Eh? The equations don’t “break down”. Big Bang created everything in our known universe.

From scientific American — “In the first few seconds after the big bang, the universe was very hot and dense ense, making it fully ionised — all of the protons, neutrons and electrons moved about freely and did not come together to make atoms. Only three minutes later, when the universe had cooled from 1032 to 109 °C, could light element formation begin.
At this point, electrons were still roaming free and only atomic nuclei could form. Protons were technically the first nuclei (when combined with an electron they make a hydrogen atom) and deuterons were the second. Deuterons are the nuclei of deuterium and are made when protons and neutrons fuse and emit photons.
Deuterons and neutrons can fuse to create a tritium nucleus with one proton and two neutrons. When the tritium nucleus comes across a proton the two can combine into a helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons, known as He-4. Another path that leads to helium is the combination of a deuteron and a proton into a helium nucleus with two protons but only one neutron, He-3. When He-3 comes across a neutron, they can fuse to form a full helium nucleus, He-4. Each step in these reactions also emits a photon.
Photon emission can be a slow process, and there is a set of reactions that take deuterons and create helium nuclei faster because they bypass the emission of photons. They start by fusing two deuterons and the end result is a He-4 nucleus and either a proton or a neutron, depending on the specific path.”

https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/basic-space/httpblogsscientificamericancombasic-space20110802on-the-origin-of-chemical-elements/

We are however trapped by time.